Question 38 Why was octanol chosen as a surrogate for lipid tissue and not, say,

Question

Question 38

Why was octanol chosen as a surrogate for lipid tissue and not, say, hexane? What is the definition of "bioconcentration" and how does it work? 50 mu g of a substance was equilibrated in a system containing 10 mL of water and 1 mL of octanol. At the end of the experiment, 48 mu g of the substance was found in the octanol, and 2 mu g was found in the water. What is the K_ow for the compound? Our body levels of things like PCBs mostly not from drinking water that contains such chemicals. Why not? Herbicide or Insecticide? circle one

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

38) Why was octanol chosen as a surrogate for lipid tissue and not, say, hexane?

Lipid tissue consists of neutral triglyceride lipids as well as polar lipids like phospholipids. The chemical partitioning into lipid tissues requires that the characteristics of the lipid tissues are similar to octanol.

39) What is the definition of bioconcentration and how does it work

40) 50ug of a substance was equilibrated in a system containing 10ml of water and 1ml of octanol. At the end of the experiment, 48ug of the substance was found in the octanol, and 2ug was found in water. What is the Kow for the compound?

The octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow) is defined as the ratio of a chemical's concentration in the octanol phase to its concentration in the aqueous phase of a two-phase octanol/water system.

Kow = Concentration in octanol phase / Concentration in aqueous phase

41) Our body levels of things like PCBs mostly not from drinking water that contains such chemicals. Why not?

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) persists in the environment for long periods of time and can enter drinking water from industrial waste discharge. The government has established safe drinking water standards and the maximum permissible limit for PCBs is set as 500 parts per trillion. Public drinking water is continuously monitored for PCB contaminants levels and it is ensured that it stays below the threshold limits. Different techniques can be used to reduce the PCB contamination levels in drinking water. One such method deploys granular activated carbon based filtration to remove PCBs.

42) Herbicide or Insecticide

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