short answers( Just few words) Basic bio, answer them all and I will rate you 1-

Question

short answers( Just few words) Basic bio, answer them all and I will rate you

1-What type of tissue is the papillary layer of the dermis? What are some important organs found in this layer of the dermis?

2-What type of tissue is the reticular layer? What are some important organs found in this layer of the dermis?

3-What are the differences between erythema, dermatitis and rosacea?

4-What is cyanosis? What underlying diseases does this condition indicate? Is blood ever blue in the human body?

5-What is jaundice? How does this condition relate to a premature infant? A person with hepatitis B?

6-Often, after blood is drawn from your body, you are left with what appears as a bruise, or hematoma? What is a hematoma?

7-Where is the ink or a tattoo deposited in someone’s skin? When a tattoo fades over time is this due to years of desquamation?

8-Why do wrinkles form? There are really two major reasons. One involves the sun and another fibroblasts. Can you elaborate? Why do scars form? How do they form? Will they form if the skin is cut with a knife down into the stratum spinosum?

9-What are the two primary functions of the papillary plexus of capillaries?

Explanation / Answer

1-      Papillary layer of the dermis is composed of fine and roughly arranged collagen fibers. It contains either terminal networks of blood capillaries or tactile Meissner's corpuscles.

2-      Under the papillary layer, a layer composed of dense irregular connective tissue containing densely packed collagen fibers, it contains roots of the hair, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, receptors, nails, and blood vessels.

3-      differences between

§ erythema is redness of the skin or mucous membranes, caused by hyperemia in superficial capillaries

§ dermatitis is a group of disease manifested as inflammation of the skin, and are characterized by itchiness, red skin, and a rash

§ rosacea - a chronic skin disorder related with reddening, erythema, dryness, burning and stinging, and inflammatory papules and pustules.

4-      Cyanosis is a condition in which the color of skin and mucous membranes change in to blue. It is caused by elevated level of deoxygenated hemoglobin to more than above 5 g/dL. However, when the amount of deoxygenated hemoglobin increased adequately higher, due to certain conditions like circulatory shock, congestive heart failure, exposure to cold temperatures and some diseases of blood circulation, the color of blood change towards blue.

5-      Jaundice may be defined as a yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes, occurred due to excess of the bilirubin pigment may be because of obstruction of the bile duct, by liver disease, or by excessive breakdown of red blood cells.

6-      Hematoma is a solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues.

7-      The ink or dye initially deposited in to both, epidermis and dermis. However, as the skin heal up the and the damaged epidermis replaced with new cells the color of dye fades.

8-      Why do wrinkles form? There are really two major reasons. One involves the

§ Exposure of fibroblasts to 18J/cm(2) UVA lead to a two-fold increase in ROS production (Venditti , et. al. 2011) which ultimately causes damage to skin.

§ Scars are areas of fibrous tissue which formed after skin after injury

§ If the skin is cut with a knife down into the stratum spinosum, no scars will be formed

9-      Function of papillary plexus are supply blood and impart pink color to skin

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