Salt in crude oil must be removed before the oil undergoes processing in a refin

Question

Salt in crude oil must be removed before the oil undergoes processing in a refinery. The crude oil is fed to a washing unit where freshwater fed to the unit mixes with the oil and dissolves a portion of the salt contained in the oil. The oil (containing some salt but no water), being less dense than the water, can be removed at the top of the washer. In a given process, the ratio of crude oil (with salt) to water used is 4:1 on a mass basis. The "spent" wash water contains 15 % salt by weight and the crude oil contains 5% salt by weight. You may assume a negligible amount of oil leaves with the spent wash water. Draw and completely label a flow chart of the process (including a basis for the calculation) Perform the degree of freedom analysis by doing the following: list the number of unknowns list the number of independent material balance equations list the number of other equations (physical properties, physical constraints, process specifications) Calculate the degrees of freedom Write the material balances equations you identified in part (b) Determine the mass fraction of salt in the "washed" oil product

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Salt in crude oil must be removed before the oil undergoes processing in a refin

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