Magnesium hydroxide is a common active ingredient in antacids such as MaaIox. (a

Question

Magnesium hydroxide is a common active ingredient in antacids such as MaaIox. (a) Write the chemical formula for magnesium hydroxide. (b) Stomach acid is a solution containing hydrochloric acid (HCl). Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. (c) What is the name for the type (or class) of chemical reaction that occurs between magnesium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid? (d) Calculate the molar mass of magnesium hydroxide in grams per mole. (e) A recommended dose of antacid contains 400 milligrams (mg) of magnesium hydroxide. many moles of hydrochloric acid can 400 mg of magnesium hydroxide react with?

Explanation / Answer

(a) chemical formula for magnesium hydroxide is Mg(OH)2

(b) chemcial reaction : Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + 2H2O

(c) The reaction type is a double displacement reatcion.

(d) molar mass of Mg(OH)2 = 1Mg + 2O + 2H = 24.305 + 2 x 15.9994 + 2 x 1.008 = 58.3198 g/mol

(e) moles of antacid = g/molar mass = 0.4/58.3198 = 6.86 x 10^-3 mols

So moles of HCl required would be = 2 x 6.86 x 10^-3 = 0.0137 mols

(f) If 1 L of stomach acid has = 0.1 mols of HCl

for 0.0137 mols we would require = 0.0137/0.1 = 0.137 L = 137.17 ml

of stomach acid

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