14. The electronegativity of bromine (Br) is 2.8. The electronegativity of carbo

Question

14. The electronegativity of bromine (Br) is 2.8. The electronegativity of carbon (C) is 2.5. The electronegativity of chlorine (Cl) is 3.0. The electronegativity of oxy gen (O) is 3.5. The following statement is Correct: a. Carbon monoxide is less polar than bromine monochioride b. Bromine monochloride has a larger percent of iomc character than carbon monoxide. e. Bromine monochioride is predominantly a covalently bound compound. d. Bromine monochionde has a large dipole moment. e. The charge on each of the atoms participating in the Br-Cl bond is a large fraction of the electronic charge, 1.602.10^-19 C. f. Electrons shared between carbon and oxygen in carbon monoxide are closer to the center of the bond than electrons shared between bromine and chlorine in bromine monochloride.

Explanation / Answer

14: Higher the electronegativity difference higher is the ionic character.

Higher the electronegativity difference higher is the polarity and dipole moment.

Higher the electronegativity difference higher is the electron shifted towards the more electronegative atom.

Also higher the electronegativity difference higher is the partial charge on each of the participating atoms.

Also two atoms of comparable electronegativity form covalent bond, where as two atoms of very high electronegativity difference form ionic bond.

In CO, the electronegativity difference between C and O = 1.0

In BrCl, the electronegativity difference between C and O = 0.2 i.e both Br and Cl have comparable electronegativity and will form predominantly covalent bond.

If we consider the above facts, only option (c) is correct i.e bromine monochloride (BrCl) is predominantly a covalent compound.

15: We need a perent ionic character of 50 %

%IC = [ 1 - e(-1/4)(XA - XB)^2 ] x 100

where XA and XB are electronegativities of the two bonded atoms.

=> 50 =  [1 - e(-0.25)(XA - XB)^2 ] x 100

=>[1 - e(-0.25)(XA - XB)^2 ] = 0.5

=> e(-0.25)(XA - XB)^2 = 0.5

=> (-0.25)(XA - XB)^2   = - 0.693

=> (XA - XB) = underroot (0.693 / 0.25) = 1.67

Hence (g) is correct

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