Determine if the following statements are (A) True or (B) False. Place your answ

Question

Determine if the following statements are (A) True or (B) False. Place your answer on your scantron. Analogous structures are an indication that two species share a common ancestor A hypothesis must always be supported by evidence In the most literal sense, the word phylogeny means the "tree of life" Overlapping confidence intervals suggests a statistical difference between study groups Science can and should draw on supernatural explanations to explain phenomena You (a human) are multicellular and ingest food for energy An atom will always contain the same number of protons as neutrons A nucleotide is a polymer of nucleic acids A functional group, added to a hydrocarbon, will usually make it nonpolar All prokaryotes are single-celled organisms Looking at the phylogentic tree (pictured right), you could conclude that organisms in Taxon D are most closely related to organisms in: A. Taxon A B. Taxon G C. Taxon E D. Taxon H Match the following with the words listed to the right (write them on the exam!) Protons A. negative charge Neutrons B. outer electrons Electrons C. no electric charge Results from an unequal sharing of electrons D. hydrogen bond Results from an equal sharing of electrons E. nonpolar covalent bond Are involved in chemical reactions F. ionic bond Electrons being transferred from one atom to another G. polar covalent bond Explains the attraction of water molecules to each other H. positive charge

Explanation / Answer

16. Answer is False

Analogous structures are not necessarily evidencing that two species share a common ancestor. It is actually more likely they came from two separate branches of the phylogenetic tree and may not be closely related at all.

17. Answer is False.

Hypothesis is usually an if/then statement and an educated guess based on prior knowledge. It is the first step in the scientific methodology.

18. Answer is False.

‘Tree of life’ is a metaphor that refers to the compilation of comprehensive phylogenetic databases rooted at the last universal common ancestor of life on Earth.

19. Answer is False

Overlapping confidences suggest that the study groups are not significantly different.

20. Answer is True

Creationism and intelligent design (ID), for example, make claims that can be, and have been, tested empirically. These claims should not be dismissed from science simply because they have a supernatural or religious element and are therefore supposedly unscientific, but rather because the scientific testing has contradicted them.(Fishman 2009)

21. Answer is True

22. Answer is False

An atom will contain same number of protons and electrons.

23. Answer is False.

Nucleotide is the monomer form of DNA, or RNA which is polymer form.

24. Answer is True

25. Answer is True

26. Answer is C

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