Acid catalyzed dehydration of a secondary alcohol: E1 reaction Using 3,3- dimeth

Question

Acid catalyzed dehydration of a secondary alcohol: E1 reaction Using 3,3- dimethyl-2-butanol and sulfuric acid In the set-up for microscale distillation, the water condenser is positioned above the Hickmann distillation column where the product is being collected. In a simple or fractional microscale distillation, the water condenser is between the distillation column and collecting flask. Hmmm.. why does this different microscale arrangement work? Visualize whats happening at the molecular level and explain how your products wind up in the hickmans collection well. What would happen if you placed the hickmann above the water condenser?

Explanation / Answer

You are right In a simple or fractional distillation, the water condenser will be placed in between the distillation column and collecting flask, wheras the water condenser is positioned above the Hickmann distillation column in microscale distillation to get ggod results.

As we are concerned about microscale distillation, we should get good results no material loss. to fullfil this requirement, the technique Hickman distillation was introduced.

In this technique the distillate vapour will raised upto the water condenser which is positioned above the Hickman distillation column and will condense to liquid.The condensed liquid will be fall down through the walls of the Hickman head or the condenser. Finally it will collects in circular well at the bottom.

In this technique, the Hickman distillation head shall be used as the receiving device for the distilled liquid.

If you placed the hickmann above the water condenser, then the material loss will results due to long path of the vapour and will not get good results.

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