Solution Investigation Question: What are some of the key characteristics of unk

Question

Solution Investigation Question: What are some of the key characteristics of unknown sample of an aqueous solution containing an ionic compound! Specific questions: 1. Given that the cation is from Group 1A, what is the identity of the group 1A metal ion in your solution? 2. Given that the ionic compound contains either chloride or hydroxide, how can you determine which? (Two pieces of evidence are required and one must be related to solubility rules) What is the concentration of your solution? (Your unknown sample is known to be about 1 M, but you need to determine the concentration to 3 significant figures using titration. You should plan ahead so that you know approximately what volume of your sample you will need in order to use approximately 25 mL of 0.100 M sulfuric acid for the titration) 3. Solid Investigation Question: What is the identity of an unknown solid piece of metal? Specific questions: 1. What are the observable physical properties of your sample? 2. If provided with a table of densities of metals, how might you use this information to identify your piece of metal? Given that calculating a physical constant is more reliable using a graph with multiple measurements from multiple samples than using measurements from a single sample, how could you use a graph to determine density? (you are provided metal pieces of various lengths) a. i. How would you determine volume? ii. What would you plot in order to get a slope that gives you density? iii. What is the density of your sample?

Explanation / Answer

1.a Perform a flame test with the Bunsen burner and maybe a spatula containing some of the unknown solution.
The source below lists the possible colors and the names of the 1A metals (among others) that cause them

b.The standard qualitative test for chlorides in solution is to add silver nitrate:
NaCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq) AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)
The silver chloride precipitaes as a white solid.
To answer your question:
Materials: solution of silver nitrate
Method: add above solution to unknown solution
Observation: white precipitate indicates chloride, no precipitate no chloride
Explanation see above
Conclusion AgNO3 solution used to confirm presence of chlorides.

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