The carbonic acid buffer system is physiologically important. The carbonic acid

Question

The carbonic acid buffer system is physiologically important. The carbonic acid buffer is prepared by adding H_2CO_3 and HCO^-_3 to water; H_2CO_3+H_2O rightleftharpoons HCO^-_3 + H_3O^+ Identify the two conjugate acid/base pairs in the above reaction. Would a buffer prepared with HCL and CL^- regulate pH better than the carbonic acid buffer system described above? Expalin your answer in 1-2 sentence focusing on the properties that make a good buffer. For each of the following solutions: calculate the pH, calculate the concentration of OH^- in moles per liter, and identify whether they are acidic or basic. Household ammonia, [H_3O_+] 3.1 times 10^-12 M Vinegar, [H_3O^+] = 4.0 times 10^-3 M Write the symbol (including the correct element symbol and charge) for an ion that contains 34 protons and 36 electrons.

Explanation / Answer

8. H2CO3 + H2O <==> HCO3- + H3O+

(a) H2CO3 (conjugate acid) / HCO3- (conjugate base)

H2O (conjugate base) / H3O+ (conjugate acid)

(b) A buffer is a combination of weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. Now If we to use HCl/Cl- combination in place of H2CO3/HCO3-, the buffer would have a greater pH change first and second the combination now would be a weak base instead of a weak acid. The buffer would be less preferable when it comes to biological system and the pKa of carbonic acid is closest to the required phisiological body pH. A goof buffer must have its pKa close to the required pH value.

9. pH calculations

(a) Houselhold bleach

[H3O+] = 3.1 x 10^-12 M

pH = -log[H+] = 1.15

(b) Vinegar, [H3O+] = 4.0 x 10^-3 M

pH = 2.40

10. Symbol of ion with 34 protons and 36 electrons would be : Selenium with a -2 charge, Se^2-

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