In reverse osmosis, water flows out of a salt solution until the osmotic pressur

Question

In reverse osmosis, water flows out of a salt solution until the osmotic pressure of the solution equals the applied pressure. If a pressure of 78.0 bar is applied to seawater, what will be the final concentration of the seawater at 20 °C when reverse osmosis stops?

reverse osmosis, water flows out of a salt solution until the osmotic pressure of the solution equals the applied pressure. If a pressure of 78.0 bar is applied to seawater, what will be the final concentration of the seawater at 20 °C when reverse osmosis stops? Number Assuming that seawater has a total ion concentration (a.k.a colligative molarity) of 1.10 Mc, calculate how many liters of seawater are needed to produce 16.6 L of fresh water at 20 °C with an applied pressure of 78.0 bar. Number

Explanation / Answer

Osmotic Pressure = MRT

R = 0.0821 atm L / mol K

T = 20 C = 273 + 20 = 298 K

Osmotic Pressure = 78 bar (1 bar = 0.986 atm) = 78 x 0.986 atm = 76.908

M = osmotic pressure / ( R x T) = 76.908 / (0.0821 x 298) = 3.143 mol/L

B) M1 x V1 = M2 x V2

M1 = Mc =1.10

M2= 3.143

V1 = X = Total volume needed to make the volume of fresh water

V2 = X - 16.6 = Volume to take total

1.10 x V1 = 3.143 x (V1 - 16.6)

1.1 V1 = 3.143 V1 - 3.143 x 16.6

2.043 V1 = 52.173

V1 = 52.173/2.043 = 25.537 L

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