Using ATP to Provide Energy for Biological Processes Two important laws regardin

Question

Using ATP to Provide Energy for Biological Processes Two important laws regarding energy are: Energy can be transformed from one type to another (e.g. the stored chemical energy in ATP can be transformed to the kinetic energy of muscle motion). However, energy cannot be created or destroyed. This is the _____ law of thermodynamics. All types of energy conversion increase entropy (are inefficient) and result in the production of heat. For example, when ATP provides the energy for muscle contraction, only about 20-25% of the chemical energy released from the ATP molecules is captured in the kinetic energy of muscle contraction. The rest of the energy from the ATP is converted to heat. This is the ______law of thermodynamics. Some textbooks claim that "Cellular respiration makes the energy needed for biological processes." Explain what is wrong with this sentence and give a more accurate sentence. Explain why your body gets warmer when you are physically active.

Explanation / Answer

Some textbooks claim that "Cellular respiration makes the energy needed for biological processes." Explain what is wrong with this sentence and give a more accurate sentence?

Ans): Cellular Respiration makes ATP, not energy

Explain why your body gets warmer when you are physically active.

sol): the muscles must use chemical reactions to produce the energy they need to contract. Heat is a byproduct of the chemical reactions. We aren't very efficient-- but that can be a good thing.

Heat always tries to balance itself, so the heat moves via conduction to adjacent cells and/or the blood. The adjacent cells eventually allow the heat to radiate out from your body (infrared imaging shows this well), evaporate with the sweat, or be conducted away via contact with objects touching the skin. The blood carries the heat away (convection) to other parts of the body. That's one reason you sense the heat. It's also why it warms your inner core. It's what can keep you from freezing to death (ie, doing exercise creates heat that you circulate to help your body)

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