To apply the ideal gas law to problems involving temperature, pressure, volume,

Question

To apply the ideal gas law to problems involving temperature, pressure, volume, and moles of a gas. The four properties of gases (pressure P, volume V, temperature T, and moles of gas n) are related by a single expression known as the ideal gas law: PV=nRT The variable R is known as the universal gas constant and has the value R=0.0821 Latm/(moleK). The units of R dictate the units for all other quantities, so when using this value of R, use units of atmospheres for pressure, liters for volume, and kelvins for temperature

A. A balloon is floating around outside your window. The temperature outside is 25 C , and the air pressure is 0.800 atm . Your neighbor, who released the balloon, tells you that he filled it with 4.80 moles of gas. What is the volume of gas inside this balloon?

B. A 18.0 L gas cylinder is filled with 8.80 moles of gas. The tank is stored at 3 C . What is the pressure in the tank?

C. A 300 L kiln is used for vitrifying ceramics. It is currently operating at 915 C , and the pressure is 1.100 atm . How many moles of air molecules are within the confines of the kiln?

D. A 14.0 L gas cylinder has been filled with 7.80 moles of gas. You measure the pressure to be 4.60 atm . What is the temperature inside the tank?

Explanation / Answer

I will tell you how to do A and B. C and D are solved in a similar way.

A) From the equation: PV = nRT solve for V: V = nRT/P

Now, T = 25 + 273.15 = 298.15 K and R = 0.0821 L atm/mol K
V = 4.80 * 0.0821 *298.15 / 0.8
V = 146.87 L

B) In this case, P = nRT/V

T = 3+273.15 = 276.15 K
P = 8.8 * 0.0821 * 276.15 / 18
P = 11.08 atm

For part C and D, just solve for n in C and T in D, the expressions would be:
n = PV/RT and T = PV/nR

Hope this helps

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