Write and simplify energy balances for the following situations. Please designat

Question

Write and simplify energy balances for the following situations. Please designate whether the system is open or closed and whether heat and work terms are +, or zero. A company is making polymer used for biodegradable sutures (poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) or PLGA) via a chemical reaction in a closed, adiabatic, rigid container. The temperature of the reactor increases. The same chemical reaction takes place in a closed, rigid reactor that can exchange heat with its surroundings. The temperature of the reactor does not change. A spa uses a steam shower to impress its guests. Steam is created by a boiler which converts water to steam, resulting in P and T changes. The steam is created in the basement and must be transported 15 ft upward to the shower.

Explanation / Answer

(a). Since the chemical reaction is carried in a closed, adiabetic, rigid container, the system is closed.

For an adiabatic process, heat q = 0 and work is negative (-).

(b). Since the chemical reaction is carried in a closed, rigid reactor that can exchange heat with its surroundings, the system is open.

Since the temperature does not change, the process is isothermal. Heat, q = positive (+) and work = negative (-).

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