What changes are observed when HCl solution is added to the saturated NH_4Cl sol
ID: 967690 • Letter: W
Question
What changes are observed when HCl solution is added to the saturated NH_4Cl solution? Explain how the addition of HCl solution disturbed the equilibrium, which direction the system shifted, and why the system shitted in that direction. What changes are observed when the NH_4Cl/HCl solution from Step 10 is healed? What changes were observed when solid NH_4Cl dissolves in water? Explain how healing the solution disturbed the equilibrium, which direction the system shifted, and why the system shifted in that direction.Explanation / Answer
11) when HCl solution is added to the saturated solution of NH4Cl solution will turn milky white. This is because NH4Cl will start precipitating because of common ion effect of HCl.
12) In the saturated solution of NH4Cl, NH4+ and Cl- will stay in aqueous phase as follows,
NH4Cl --> NH4+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
When we add HCl equilibrium will be shifted to left hand side that is towards forming NH4Cl.
This shifts occurs due to common ion effect caused by addition of HCl, high concentration of Cl- ions shift the equilibrium backwards and NH4Cl precipitate out of the solution.
13) when we heat this milky white solution again precipitate of NH4Cl will dissolve in solution and solution becomes colourless.
14) dissolution of NH4Cl in water is endothermic reaction hence when we dissolve this salt in water solutions temperature decreases and test tube become colder.
15) Since the reaction is endothermic addition of heat to the solution shift the equilibrium towards right forming ammonium and chloride ions. Heating increase kinetic energy of the molecules of the solvents and it allows solvent molecules to break apart solute molecules and they get surrounded by water molecules and this increase solubilisation of solute.
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