Which of the following statements explain how the Gramicidin A antibiotic works?

Question

Which of the following statements explain how the Gramicidin A antibiotic works? Select all that apply.

A. The antibiotic disrupts the normal balance of ions in the bacterium, in which Na+ ions are excluded and K+ ions are retained inside.

B. In a normal bacterial cell, K+ ions are excluded and Na+ ions are retained inside and the antibiotic disrupts this balance.

C. Two molecules of Gramicidin A attach together in a coil that is positioned in the cell membrane like a tunnel. The inside of this coil is lined with non-polar groups that disrupt the contents of the cell by dispersion forces.

D. A coil made from two molecules of Gramicidin A is anchored in the cell membrane creating a tunnel between the inside and outside of the bacterium. Ion-dipole forces from the polar groups lining the inner wall of this tunnel encourage the movement of ions.

Explanation / Answer

Gramicidin causes the permeabilization of the bacteria membrane. As a result, monovalent cations move along the membrane with no restrictions. The drug works as a channel where monovalent ions can move, nonetheless ca ion and Cl ion will block it because of the electric dislocations. As a result c and d

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