Use the information provided to complete a thorough thermodynamic, kinetic and p

Question

Use the information provided to complete a thorough thermodynamic, kinetic and practical analysis of the synthesis of elthylene glycol under acidic and basic conditions.

422 MODULE 1 Analyzing Processes LET'S THINK Synthesis of Ethylene Glycol Ethylene glycol (HOCH2CH,OH) is primarily used in the manufacture of polyester fibers and polyethylene terephthalate polymer (PET) used in bottling. A small percent is used to produce anti- freeze formulations and other industrial products. Ethylene glycol is synthesized using ethylene oxide (C,H,O) and water under acidic or basic conditions: OH HO The table lists relevant physical T, (K) sol (M)AHo (kJ/mol) So (J/(mol K) C,H,Og283.8 miscible 52.6 285.8 -460 243 69.95 166.9 properties for the 2 4 substances involved H,O(U) 373.1 n this reaction HOCH,CH20H) 470.4 miscible The reaction mechanisms for the synthesis of ethylene glycol under acidic and basic conditions are presented below. The activation energies for the rate limiting step in each of the processes are shown E, 75 kJ/mol OH HO E 93 kJ/mol HO Ethylene Oxide Ethylene Glycol Additional relevant information for reactants and products is included n this table. Ethylene oxide is a flammable, carci-Ethylene glycol is a moderately toxic nogenic, irritating, and anaesthetic liquid with a sweet taste. Acute ex- gas with a misleadingly pleasant posure by ingesting large quantities aroma (the gas is already toxic at the causes depression, cardiopulmonary concentrations it can be smelled). Its effects and renal damage. Its flash- flashpoint is -20 °C. point is 111 °C. Use the information provided to complete a thorough thermodynamic, kinetic, and practical analysis of the synthesis of ethylene glycol under acidic and Based on your analyses, generate a reasonable argument to support which conditions (e.g., tem perature, pressure, pH) are likely to be best in the synthesis of the targeted product. basic conditions. Share your ideas with a classmate, and clearly justify your reasoning

Explanation / Answer

Thermodynamic aspect:

Heat of reaction deltaH   =HfO(C2H5O) + HfO(H2)) - HfO(HOCH2CH2OH)

                                              = (-52.6) +(-285.83) -(-460) = +121.6kJ/mole

delta S =S°(C2H5O) +S°(H2O0 - S°(HOCH2CH2OH)

          = 243+63.95-166.9  

         = 110.05

G =H - T*S

    = 121.6 - 298 * 110.05

    = -32673.3

   So G is negative

Reaction is thermodynamically feasible at 25 degree celsius

Kinetic aspect:

Mechanism is already shown in question itself

Eact is less in acidic conditions si raction is more favorable kinetics point of view

if pH < 7 , at atm pressure and 25 degree celsius temperature

  

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