An outgroup is used in cladistics analyses to A. Determine shared derived charac

Question

An outgroup is used in cladistics analyses to A. Determine shared derived characters B. Determine test common ancestor C. Determine shared ancestral characters D. Point at an outsider vehemently Based on the genotyping profile produced by PGR and agarose gel electrophoresis, which of the three suspect's DNA matches the DNA evidence from the crime scene? A. Suspect A B. Suspect C C. Suspect B D. Suspects B and C E. Cannot be determined from the information given What is an example of genetic homology? A. Hox gene conservation in Drosophila and mouse B. Intron splice sites C. Having several genes for actin D. Degeneracy of the gene tic code If both homozygous dominant and recessive genotypes are the most fit. what kind of selection is this? A. Rigorous B. Stabilizing C. Disruptive D. Directional Looking at the Sanger sequencing gel below, determine the sequence. A. 5" -CGATGGTAATCCACTGTCCCCCCGC-3' B. 5'-OCTACCATTAGGTGACAGOOOOOCO-3' C. 5'-CGCCCCCCTOTCACCTAATOGTAOC-3' D. 5'-GCCGGGOGACAGTGGATTACCATCG- 3'

Explanation / Answer

25.c. We assume that the character states that it shows are ancestral, and score the other taxa (the ingroup) by comparison with it. The outgroup characters are assumed to be ancestral by definition, so everything in the outgroup column gets a 0.

27.d.The genetic code is degenerate because there are many instances in which different codons specify the same amino acid. A genetic code in which some amino acids may each be encoded by more than one codon.

28 c. Disruptive selection- In disruptive selection, selection pressures act against individuals in the middle of the trait distribution. The result is a bimodal, or two-peaked, curve in which the two extremes of the curve create their own smaller curves.

29.a. Sequencing is always done from the top of the gel.Thus this gives the sequence 'a'.

26. a.The DNA bands in suspect A matches with the DNA bands present on the crime scene.

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