A critical reaction in the production of energy to do woric or drive chemical re

Question

A critical reaction in the production of energy to do woric or drive chemical reactions in biological systems is the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate, ATP, to adenosine diphosphate, ADP, as described by ATp(aq) + H_2O(l) rightarrow ADPaq) + HPO^2 +_4(aq) for which Delta G_non = -30 5 kj/mol at 37.0 degree C and pH 7.0 Calculate the value of delta G_non in a biological cell in which [ATP] = 5 0 mM, [ADP] = 0 90 mM, and [HPO^2-_4] = 5.0 mM Is the hydrolysis of ATP spontaneous under these conditions?

Explanation / Answer

Answer – We are given, Gorxn = -30.5 kJ/mol, T = 37 +273 = 310 K

[ATP] = 5.0 mM, [ADP] = 0.90 mM , [HPO42-] = 5.0 mM

ATP(aq) + H2L(l) ----> ADP(aq) + HPO42-(aq)

We know the formula

Grxn = Gorxn + RTlnQ

We know, R = 8.314 J/mol.K , so we need Gorxn in J/mol

We know,

1 kJ = 1000 J

-30.5 kJ = ?

= - 30500 J/mol

Now plugging the values in the formula

Grxn = Gorxn + RTln [ADP] [HPO42-] / [ATP]

          = - 30500 J/mol + 8.314 J/mol.K *310 K * ln 0.9 *5.0 / 5.0

          = -30771.5 J/mol

         = -30.8 kJ/mol

We know when Grxn is negative then reaction is spontaneous at forward direction. So this reaction is spontaneous reaction.

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