Research from the Society for Neuroscience (among other sources) states that the

Question

Research from the Society for Neuroscience (among other sources) states that the pre-frontal cortex of the brain, that part which is responsible for decision making, impulse control, rational complex thought processes, is not fully developed until the mid to late 20's.

https://www.oasas.ny.gov/prevention/documents/AdolescentBrain.pdf

http://www.actforyouth.net/resources/rf/rf_brain_0502.pdf

http://www.theguardian.com/science/2014/sep/05/teenage-brain-behaviour-prefrontal-cortex

After reading Chapter 4 in the text how does this information, along with content presented in Chapter 4, relate to adolescent and young adult (ie. college population) decisions regarding substance use/abuse?(this chapter is on google books for free)

Google Drugs in Society, 12th Ed chapter 4 Books a a E E o Add to my library Write review Page 135 Result 1 of 1 in this book for Drugs in Society, 12th Ed chapter4 Clear saarch VIEW EBOOK CHAPTER 4 Homeostatic Systems and Drugs Get this book in print G10 D Rewews Write review Drugs and Society By Gian R. Hanson, PocorJ.Venturoli, Annato E Drugs in Society, 12th EdGo Did You Know? Learning Objectives About this book On completing this chapter you should be able to: The brain is composed of approximately 100 billion neurons that communicate with one another by releasing enical messengers called neurotrarsmitters My library My History Books on Google Play Explain the smilamtes and differences between the nervous and endocrine systems. Descrbe how a neuron functions. Many drugs ecert their effects by interacting with specialized protein regions in cel membranes called receptors some natural chemicals produced by the body teve the same effect as narcotic drugs these chemicals are called endorphins The body produces a natural substance called anandamide hat has effects similar to those produced by manjuana and Dcscrbe the different features of the principal drags that are related to THC (tetratydrocarnabinol). The illegal drug products known as*Spice, have ingre ents hat ater the cannabinold systems of the brain Drugs that affect the eurotra snitter dopamine perception of pleasure, mental state, and motor activily and can cause addiction behavior The hypothalam us is the principal brain region 1er controi of he endocrine system. Describe the role of receptors in mediating the effects of homones, neurotransmitters, and drugs. Distinguish between receptor agonisis and antagonists, and describe how their elfects relate to those of neurotransmitters. Pages displayed by permission of Bartlet Learning. Copyright Jones& s associated with drug addiction. Outline the principal components of the central nervous system, and explain their general functions identify which brain areas are most likely to be affected by drugs of abuse and how these effects contribute to drug dependence Be familiar with the endorphin and cannabinoid nervous systems and their role in substance abuse and recent drug abuse problems (e.g., Spice). Distinguish between the sympathetic and have iagredensO usually aiter Identity the principal components of the endocrine

Explanation / Answer

When a drug is taken, it alters the level of neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain. These increased dopamine level acts on certain areas of the brain like hypothalamus and prefrontal cortex and triggers the feeling of pleasure. Prefrontal cortex which is responsible for decision making, impulse control and rational complex thought process gets fully developed by 30 years of age. Therefore, adolescents and young adults are more susceptible to substance abuse disorders.

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