To make cherry jam, cherries (18 wt% solids, 82 wt% water) are mixed with sugar

Question

To make cherry jam, cherries (18 wt% solids, 82 wt% water) are mixed with sugar at a 1:2 (lb/lb) cherry:sugar ratio. Then the mixture is fed to an evaporator, where two-thirds of the water is boiled off. What is the jam production rate if 10 Ib/h cherries are fed to the process? What feed rate of cherries (Ib/h) is required to produce 10 lb jam/hr Suppose we now make the samejam by a semi-batch process: 10 lb cherries and 20 lb sugar are mixed in a pot all at once. Then, water is boiled off at 0.20 lb/min. How many pounds are in the pot after 30 minutes? Air (assumed to contain 79 mol% nitrogen and 21 mol% oxygen) is separated into two product streams. The separator operates at steady state. One product stream is 98 mol% oxygen, and it contains 80% of the oxygen in the air fed to the separator. The other product stream is mostly nitrogen. Calculate the quantity of air required (tons/day) to produce 1 ton/yr of the oxygen product. Calculate the mol% nitrogen in the second product stream High-fructose com syrup is a popular and inexpensive sweetener used in many carbonated beverages. When manufactured, the syrup contains a small amount of colored impurities; before it is mixed into beverages the impurities are removed by pumping the syrup over a bed of activated charcoal. The impurities adsorb to the charcoal while the rest of the syrup passes through. The charcoal adsorbs 0.4 kg impurities per kg charcoal. You are in charge of designing a charcoal adsorption facility that can process 115 lb of high-fructose com syrup per hour. The syrup typically contains 0.5 wt% impurities. You'd like the charcoal to last for 7 days before needing replacement. How much charcoal (lb) should be used?

Explanation / Answer

I have doubts with the firsts two questions, but I can help you with the 3rd question.

We know the relation of impurities and charcol which is:

1 kg charcoal -----------> 0.4 kg impurities

We also know that the production rate is 115 lb/h of syrup. and these contains 0.5% of impurities. assuming that the plant will operate all day, we only need to know how much impurities are absorbed by the charcoal in one day, and then, for the 7 full days so:

115 lb/h * 0.454 kg/lb = 52.21 kg/h

Now in 1 day the production is: 52.21 * 24 = 1253.01 kg/d

In total for the 7 days it would be: 8771.28 kg in 7 days.

Now if the %of impurities is 0.5% then:

m impurities = 8771.28 * 0.5/100 = 43.8564 kg

Now, back to the first relation:

1 kg charcoal -------> 0.4 kg impurities

X kg charcoal <--------- 43.8564 kg

X = 43.8564 / 0.4 = 109.641 kg of charcoal required.

In lb: 109.641 kg * 1 lb/0.454 kg = 241.5 lb for the 7 days.

Hope this helps

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