Microbes can gain entry to the nervous system in several different ways. Some ar

Question

Microbes can gain entry to the nervous system in several different ways. Some are able to access the peripheral nerves through a wound and then ascend to the central nervous system. Others gain entry to the respiratory system when inhaled, and can spread directly from the nasopharynx or sinuses into the central nervous system. Still others gain access to the circulatory system and are delivered to the central nervous system via the blood. The following statements describe ways diseases can be spread to the nervous system. Which are true? Select all that apply. Rabies is typically transmitted through tick bites. Infant botulism is most often acquired through the consumption of botulinum toxin in canned baby foods. Although it may be transmitted in other ways, variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is often foodborne. West Nile encephalitis is most often acquired through a mosquito bite. Cryptococcus neoformans, a common member of the normal upper respiratory microbiota, is an opportunistic pathogen of the central nervous system. Clostridium tetani is a noninvasive pathogen that rarely leaves the site of entry but produces a potent exotoxin that is delivered by the circulatory system throughout the body. Poliovirus is most readily spread via the airborne route, and infection is acquired by inhalation.

Explanation / Answer

1) first statement is not true as rabies is transmitted by dog's bite. Infection is due to rabies virus.

2) It is true as spores of Clostridium botulinum can stay in underprocessed canned foods which when ingested can stimulate neuro- toxin in infants.

3) The statement is true as the diease is caused due to prions which are present in the meat of infected animals.

4) the staement is true as humans get infected with the virus which is carried by mosquitoes.

5) The statement is true. This fungal infection is very rare and can occur to people with compromised immune system. Normally infects lungs and central nervous system.

6) The statement is true as it does produces exotoxin and causes skeletal muscle spasm.

7) The statement is not true as polio virus's mode of transmission is oral- fecal route.

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