In this week\'s discussion: A) Explain and describe how the study of chemistry i

Question

In this week's discussion:

A) Explain and describe how the study of chemistry is helpful to you in your everyday life? Be creative in your choices as the applications of chemistry are all around us, even in our tasks of everyday living.

B) Describe how you apply the scientific method to the problems that you encounter on a daily basis?

C) Watch the following video on the comical interpretation of the Scientific Method and then explain how "validity" and "reliability" apply to an experiment utilizing the Scientific Method? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k3jt5ibfRzw

Explanation / Answer

1) There are many examples of chemistry in daily life, showing how prevalent and important it is.

I) Digestion : relies on chemical reactions between food and acids and enzymes to break down molecules into nutrients the body can absorb and use.

II) Soaps and detergents: act as emulsifiers to surround dirt and grime so it can be washed away from clothing, dishes, and our bodies.

III)Medicines: Drugs work because of chemistry. The chemical compounds may fit into the binding site for natural chemicals in our body (e.g., block pain receptors) or may attack chemicals found in pathogens, but not human cells (e.g., antibiotics).

IV) Food preservatives: Food preservatives prevent spoilage of food due to microbial growth. The most commonly used preservatives include table salt, sugar, vegetable oils and sodium benzoate, C6H5COONa. Sodium benzoate is used in limited quantities and is metabolised in the body. Salts of sorbic acid and propanoic acid are also used as preservatives.

Chemicals are added to food for (i) their preservation, (ii) enhancing their appeal, and (iii) adding nutritive value in them. Main categories of food additives are as follows: (i) Food colours (ii) Flavours and sweeteners (iii) Fat emulsifiers and stabilizing agents (iv) Flour improvers - antistaling agents and bleaches (v) Antioxidants (vi) Preservatives (vii) Nutritional supplements such as minerals, vitamins and amino acids.

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2) Scientific methods to the problem:

I) Turmeric used in food is having antibacterial properties so as a first aid one can apply turmeric on cuts which prevents pus formation in wound. Turmeric has blood purifying properties and fight against carcinogenic chemicals that form in body.

II) NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate) is mild antacid can be taken to get relief from heart burn by acidity.

III) Adulteration of urea in milk can be checked using following scientific method:

To 1 teaspoon milk add ½ teaspoon of soyabean powder. Mix it thoroughly and after 5 min dip a red litmus in it. If colour of litmus paper changes form from red to blue then NH3 ammonia presence is confirmed.

Ammonia in aqueous phase forms NH4OH, (NH3 + H2O -------> NH4+ +OH-) because of which solution become basic and hence red litmus changes to blue.

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Note: Sorry for C . I really do not understand the language.

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