44) Within the trachea, the ________ contains mucous glands that communicate wit

Question

44) Within the trachea, the ________ contains mucous glands that communicate with the epithelial surface through a number of secretory ducts.

A) serosa

B) muscularis externa

C) lamina propria

D) submucosa

E) adventitia

45) The carina is an internal ridge that lies between the entrances to the ________.

A) lower bronchi

B) primary bronchi

C) bronchioles

D) tertiary bronchi

E) secondary bronchi

46) The walls of the primary, secondary, and tertiary bronchi contain progressively lesser amounts of ________.

A) cartilage

B) smooth muscle

C) adipose tissue

D) epithelium

E) skeletal muscle

47) Within the thoracic cavity, the membranes lining the lungs secrete a small amount of ________.

A) pericardial fluid

B) synovial fluid

C) pleural fluid

D) lymph

E) blood

48) In ________, the thoracic volume changes because the rib cage changes shape.

A) diaphragmatic breathing

B) hyperpnea

C) forced breathing

D) costal breathing

E) deep breathing

49) Regarding respiratory changes at birth, changes in blood flow that occur lead to the closure of the ________, the embryonic interatrial connection.

A) ductus venosus

B) foramen ovale

C) ligamentum arteriosum

D) foramen magnum

E) internal acoustic meatus

50) Higher centers that influence respiration are found in the cerebrum and in the ________.

A) epithalamus

B) cerebellum

C) pons

D) medulla

E) hypothalamus

51) With increasing age, the reduction in the lungs' ability to inflate and deflate is due to the deterioration of ________ throughout the body.

A) lymphatic tissue

B) elastic tissue

C) smooth muscle

D) hyaline cartilage

E) skeletal muscle

Explanation / Answer

44. Answer is lamina propria c. It is a thin layer of connective tissue, which lies beneath the epithelium and contains glands with the ducts opening on the mucosal epithelium that secrete mucosa and serous secretions.

45. Ans is B. Primary bronchi. Carina is a internal ridge of cartilage in trachea that occur between the division of two main bronchi.

46. Ans is cartilage. A bronchus is also called primary bronchi , represent airway between respiratory tract that conducts air into lungs. Right main bronchus has 3 subdivisions which become secondary bronchi and secondary bronchi further subdivided into tertiary bronchi. They have progressively lesser amount of cartilage.

47. Ans is pleural fluid. A pleural membrane on lung secrete small amount of fluid in thorocic cavity.

48. C forced breathing , in which thorocic volume change because the rib vlcage change shape.

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