please answer question 4 and 5 Define microevolution. Explain how the bottleneck

Question

please answer question 4 and 5 Define microevolution. Explain how the bottleneck effect and the founder effect each affect microevolution. Be sure you demonstrate your understanding of these three concepts in your answer. Because of prolonged drought, the trees on an island are producing nuts that are much smaller with thicker and harder shells. What will happen to the birds that depend on the nuts for food? Of the three general outcomes of natural selection, this example illustrates _______ selection.

Explanation / Answer

4) Microevolution is defined as the process in which the frequency of alleles change over time within a population. The allele frequencies change because of mutation, natural and artificial selection, gene flow and genetic drift. It describes about the small evolutionary changes within a species.

Population bottleneck refers to an event where many members of the population die and few remain and tgey reproduce to restore the original population size. The new population would have lost much of the genetic diversity that was present in the original population because of inbreeding.

Founder effects ia type of genetic drift which refers to the establushment of a small subgroup of population when few individuals migrate to a new isolated region. For example Huntington's disease is seen in hugher frequently among Dutch settlers of South Africa than the original Dutch population.

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