A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that describes a phylogeny. What is a phylogeny

Question

A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that describes a phylogeny. What is a phylogeny? A. The evolutionary history of a species or group of species. B. phylogeny The geographic distribution of populations in a species. C. The generations of individuals in a population. D. The distribution of species in a given area in time. E. A list of character traits of individual species set in a tree diagram. When building a phylogeny, which traits are the most useful for grouping organisms tog together? A. Traits that have a similar function B. Traits that look very similar C. Traits inherited from a recent common ancestor D. Traits that are easy to observe and compare between individuals Use the diagram and the options below to match each group to the type of clade it forms. A. Monophyletic B. Paraphyletic C. Polyphyletic D. All of the above Group 1 is ______ Group 2 is _______ Let's suppose the phylogeny above is grouping species of plants. Only plants in groups D, E and F have tendrils (a modified structure plants use to grasp on to objects). What can you infer about tendril presence in plant groups? a. It is an ancestral trait to all plant groups, so it is a sympleasiomorphy of Group 2. b. It is an analogous trait that evolved independently in each group, thus it is a homoplasy. c. It first appeared in the ancestor of group 2, thus it is a synapomorphy of Group 2. Let's suppose the pylogeny above is grouping species of the plants. One plants is groups D, E and F have tendrils (a modified structure use to grasp on to objects). What can you infer about tendril presence in plant groups? a. It is an ancestral trait to all plant groups, so it is a sympleasiomorphy of Group 2. b. It is an analogous trait that evolved independently in group A and F, thus it is a homoplasy. c. It first appeared in the ancestor of group F, thus it is a synapomorphy of Group F. Studies of the Pax6 gene have shown that Pax6 regulates eye development in flatworms, insects, mollusks and vertebrates. What do these studies of the Pax6 gene and its homologues suggest? a. the eye has evolved independently multiple times. b. the eyes of many different species are descended from a common ancestor c. the master genes of the eye in various species are not homologous. d. the eyes of invertebrates and vertebrates arose from two different ancestral control genes.

Explanation / Answer

52) Phylogeny refers to the study of history of evolution of species or a group of species. Specifically, phylogeny refers to the lines of descent in an evolutionary lineage and relationship among the broader group of organisms. Therefore, the correct answer for this question is, "phylogeny refers to the evolutionary history of species or group of species". (option A).

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