Name the organs of the endocrine system [know the 11 glands, where they are loca
ID: 102311 • Letter: N
Question
Name the organs of the endocrine system [know the 11 glands, where they are located what they do for us --- see lecture handout], review types of secretions [what do glands secrete?] define hormone types- protein hormones, steroid hormones: differentiate mechanism of action of steroid hormones versus protein hormones: know general function of hormones., control, shutdown of hormones, negative feedback: list functions of hypothalamus, pituitary gland: review location of these two endocrine glands.Explanation / Answer
ANSWER:
1) Major organs of Endocrine system
hypothalamus :produces growth hormone ,thyrotropin,corticotrophin,gonadotrophin,prolactin inhibitory factor,oxytocin
pituitary gland : master gland because it controls all the hormones in the endocrine system
thyroid : stores all hormones and controls metabolism,including body weight,rate of energy use,and heart rate
parathyroids :glands in the back of the thyroid and regulate blood calcium levels
adrenal glands : produces steroid hormone and epinephrine
pineal body : find in the midddle of the brain,makes melatonin
reproductive glands (which include the ovaries and testes) : female sex organ ,located in the pelvis, that produces estrogen and progesterone
male sex organ,located in the groin,that produces testosterone
pancreas : produces insulin and glucagon ,that raises or lowers blood glucose levels for energy
A endocrine steroid sex hormone|hormone|endocrine|internal secretion} could be a steroid that acts as a hormone. Steroid hormones will be sorted into 2 classes: corticosteroids (typically created within the ductless gland, thus cortico-) and sex steroids (typically created within the gonads or placenta).
protein hormones area unit hormones whose molecules area unit peptides or supermolecules, severally. The latter have longer organic compound chain lengths than the previous. These hormones have an impact on the system of animals, together with humans.
Steroid hormones bind to steroid receptors which are located inside the cell as opposed to on the surface of the cell. Non steroid hormones are anything that is not structurally a steran nucleus and are usually amines or proteins but can also be fatty acids.
Feedback management of endocrine Production
Feedback circuits square measure at the foundation of most management mechanisms in physiology, and square measure notably distinguished within the system. Instances of feedback definitely occur, however feedback is faradditional common.
Negative feedback is seen once the output of a pathway inhibits inputs to the pathway. The utility in your house is an easy feedback circuit. once the chamber produces enough heat to elevate temperature higher than the point of the thermostat, the thermostat is triggered and shuts off the chamber (heat is feeding back negatively on the supply of heat). once temperature drops back below the point, feedback is gone, and therefore the chamber comes back on.
Feedback loops square measure used extensively to manage secretion of hormones within the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. a crucial example of a feedback loop is seen up to the mark of endocrine secretion. The thyroid hormones thyroxin and liothyronine ("T4 and T3") square measure synthesized and secreted by thyroid glands and have an effect on metabolism throughout the body. the fundamental mechanisms for management during this system (illustrated to the right) are:
Neurons within the neural structure secrete thyroid emotional endocrine (TRH), that stimulates cells within theendocrine to secrete hormone (TSH).
TSH binds to receptors on animal tissue cells within the ductless gland, stimulating synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones, that have an effect on in all probability all cells within the body.
When blood concentrations of thyroid hormones increase higher than an explicit threshold, TRF-secreting neurons within the neural structure square measure suppressed and stop secreting TRH. this is often Associate in Nursing example of "negative feedback".
The hypothalamus is found below the thalamus and is a component of the neural structure.The neural structurecould be a portion of the brain that contains variety of tiny nuclei with a range of functions. one amongst the foremostnecessary functions of the neural structure is to link the systema nervosum to the system via the endocrine.
The pituitary gland: master gland of the body, could be a pea-sized gland placed within the center of the os, inferior to the hypothalamus of the brain and posterior to the bridge of the nose. it's a crucial link between the nervous and endocrine systems and releases several hormones that have an effect ongrowth, sexual development, metabolism and human replica.
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