B-2. Compare the lathering power and solubility of soap vs detergent in hard wat
ID: 1033436 • Letter: B
Question
B-2. Compare the lathering power and solubility of soap vs detergent in hard water (calcium solution). B-3. Would you expect soap or detergent to be a more effective cleanser (dissolving oils) in hard water (water with high level of calcium or magnesium ions)? Explain. B-4. Describe the oil spot on the filter paper after cleansing with soap vs detergent in water. Is there a noticeable difference? Which is the more effective cleanser in deionized water? B-5. Describe any differences in the cleaning power of soap vs detergent in calcium solution.Explanation / Answer
Answers:
B-2:-
Hard water also reduces the effectiveness of cleaning agents. Soap is less effective in hard water since it reacts to form a calcium or magnesium salt of the organic acid in the soap and forms a grayish soap scum with no lather. Detergents, on the other hand, lather in both hard and soft water. Thus lathering power as well as solubility of soap is lower than that of detergents.
B-3 :-
Soaps are effective cleansing agents in soft water, but in water containing high level of calcium and magnesium ions, detergents prove to be most effective cleansers. Because, in hard water, soaps form SCUM, which reduces the amount of soap available for cleaning. On other hard detergent do not produce SCUM or equivalent insoluble precipitate, as they form soluble precipitates with calcium and magnesium ions.
B-4 :- Yes there is a noticeable difference. After Cleansing with soap, the oily spot on the paper remain same, where as after cleansing with detergents, the oily spot on the paper disappear. In Deionized water, Detergents are most effective cleansers.
B-5:-
Differences in cleaning action of soap and detergents are given separately, below
Detergents
1. No formation of scum.
2. Forms lather in hard as well as soft water.
3. Cleansing action is unaffected by acidic water.
Soaps
1. Formation of scum is observed.
2. Forms lather only in soft water.
3. Cleansing action of soap is affected by acidic water.( It doesn’t cleanse in acidic water)
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