Consider a monatomic ideal gas whose atoms have two internal states, ? and ?, wi
ID: 1038448 • Letter: C
Question
Consider a monatomic ideal gas whose atoms have two internal states, ? and ?, with no difference in energy. (a) Using the formalism of chemical equilibrium, calculate the ratio of the partial pressure of the atoms in each state, Pa/ Ps, at equilibrium. statistical physics reasoning atoms at all are found in the state at later times. What would be a probable (b) Explain how you could have found the previous result without equations, using (c) Imagine that an experiment finds that, starting with all atoms in state a, no explanation?Explanation / Answer
Internal Energy of an Ideal Gas
Internal Energy is the total of all the energy associated with the motion of the atoms or molecules in the system. Microscopic forms of energy include those due to the rotation, vibration, translation, and interactions among the molecules of a substance.
Monatomic Gas – Internal Energy
For a monatomic ideal gas (such as helium, neon, or argon), the only contribution to the energy comes from translational kinetic energy. The average translational kinetic energy of a single atom depends only on the gas temperature and is given by equation:
Kavg = 3/2 kT.
The internal energy of n moles of an ideal monatomic (one atom per molecule) gas is equal to the average kinetic energy per molecule times the total number of molecules, N:
Eint = 3/2 NkT = 3/2 nRT
where n is the number of moles. Each direction (x, y, and z) contributes (1/2)nRT to the internal energy. This is where the equipartition of energy idea comes in – any other contribution to the energy must also contribute (1/2)nRT. As can be seen, the internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on temperature and the number of moles of gas.
Kp = Palpha / Pbeta = .mole fraction of alpha / mole fraction of beta
where Kp is equilibrium constant
Related Questions
drjack9650@gmail.com
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.