Consider eight titration curves shown in Figure 2. Pyruvic acid (CH_3COCOOH) is

Question

Consider eight titration curves shown in Figure 2. Pyruvic acid (CH_3COCOOH) is a monoprotic organic acid (pK_a = 2.50). Maleic acid (C_4H_4O_4) is an organic diprotic acid (pK_al = 1.91, pK_a2 = 6.33). Malonic acid (C_3H_4O_4) is an organic diprotic acid (pK_a1 = 2.85, pK_a2 = 5.70)Carbonic acid (H_2CO_3) is a weak inorganic diprotic acid (pK_a1 = 6.35 and pK_a2 = 10.33). Phosphoric acid (H_3PO_4) is a weak triprotic acid (pK_a1 = 2.16, pK_a2 = 7.21, and pK_a3 = 12.32) Sulfuric acid (H_2SO_4) is a diprotic acid (pK_a1 = strong and pK_a2 = 1.99). Hydrochloric acid is a strong mineral acid with many industrial uses. Identify, by letter, the curve that comes closest to the one you would expect for the titrations below and justify your answer for each. Hydrochloric acid with a strong base. Disodium maleate with a strong acid Sodium pyruvate with a strong acid Malonic acid with a strong base Pyruvic acid with a strong base Phosphoric acid with a strong base Sodium carbonate (Na_2CO_3) with a strong acid Sulfuric acid with a strong base Describe, in detail, the composition of a solution that would be expected to yield a curve resembling Curve B Identify (if any) differences in titration curves for maleic acid and malonic acid and provide the reason(s) for this. Limit your answer to a maximum of 30 words.

Explanation / Answer

i) Hydrochloric acid and strong base: Curve E from the curve it seen that there is gradually increase in pH when we add stong base and there plunge in curve at the equivalence point and again the increase is seen.

ii) Disodium maleate with strong acid: Curve H as disodium maleate is a weak base the starting pH is high and addition of strong acid the pH value is low.

iii) Sodium pyruvate with a strong acid: Curve G

iv) Malonic acid with a strong base: Curve D

v) Pyruvic acid with a strong base: Curve A from the pHa value is 2.50 the after the equivalence point is shift in curve due to presence of strong base.

vi) Phosphoric acid with a stong base: Curve C

viii) Sodium carbonate with a strong acid: Curve H sodium carbonate having a salt of acrbonic acid where the pKa of carbonic is 10.33 and 6.35

viii) Sulphuric acid with a strong base: Curve A

B) it is curve of single acid (weak acid) with a strong base here we can the inflection of pKa1 is more than the pKa2

C) If we see the titration curve for maleic acid and malonic acid , Ka1 is approximately much more larger than the Ka2 has two distinct inflection point, whereas in case of malonic acid has acid dissociation constants that difference is low so the inflection point in malonic acid is not as distinct as that for maleic acid,

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