Calculate the dilution factor for the following problem: 10 mL sample added to 1

Question

Calculate the dilution factor for the following problem: 10 mL sample added to 190 mL diluents What is the final dilution of an unknown blood specimen using 0.1 mL blood with 3.4 mL of water and 1.5 mL of reagents? If 20 mL of saline is added to 4 mL of serum, what is the serum dilution? A urine sample has a concentration of 500 mg/dL. A dilution series is then carried out with the following dilutions for each tube: 1/2, 1/2, 1/2, 1/2 and 1/2. a. Find the concentration in each test tube. b. Give the final concentration for the sample. A solution that contains 800 mg/dL serum is diluted 1/2, then 1/4, then 1/8, and then again 1/16 in a series. Determine the following: a. Final dilution: b. Final concentration: A hepatitis A antibody titer analysis was executed on a blood sample. The dilutions tested were 1/4, 1/8, 1/32, and 1/64. A test for the presence of an antibody was then made by adding a hepatitis A antigen to each of the tubes. Positive reactions were seen in the 1/4, 1/8, and 1/32 dilutions and negative in the 1/64 dilution. Find the antibody titer.

Explanation / Answer

1) dilution factor = Final volume / Initial volume = 200mL / 10mL = 20

So the dilution factor = 20

2) the initial volume = 0.1mL

final volume = 0.1 + 3.4 + 1.5 = 5mL

so dilution factor = 5mL / 0.1 mL = 50

so the solution is diluted 50 times

3) the initial volume of serum = 4mL

final volume= 20+ 4 = 24 mL

so dilution = final volume / initial volume = 24 / 4 = 6 (times)

4) initial concentration = 500mg / dL

This is serial dilution

1st dilution = 1/2   [concentration = 500/2 = 250mg /dL]

2nd dilution = 1 /2 x 1 /2 = 1/4 [ concentration = 250/2 = 125mg /dL]

3rd dilution = 1/4 x 1 /2 = 1/8 [concentration =125/2 = 62.5mg /dL]

4th dilution = 1/8 x 1 /2 = 1/16 [concentration = 62.5 /2 = 31.25mg /dL]

5th dilution = 1/16 x 1 /2 = 1/32 [concentration =31.25 / 2 = 15.625mg /dL]

So the final concentration will be = 500mg / 32 dL = 15.625mg / dL

29) Initial concentration = 800mg /dL

1st dilution = 1/2   [concentration = 800/2 = 400mg /dL]

2nd dilution = 1 /4   [ concentration = 400/4 = 100mg /dL]

3rd dilution = 1/8 = 1/8 [concentration =100/8 = 12.5mg /dL]

Final concentration =12.5mg /dL

30) the initial concentration = xmg /dL

1st dilution = 1/4 [concentration = x/4 mg /dL]

2nd dilution = x/4 x 1 /8 = x/32

3rd dilution = 1/32 x 1/32 = x / 1024

4th dilution = x/1024 X 1/64 = x/65536

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