In measurements of the structure of molecules, some interesting trends are obser

Question

In measurements of the structure of molecules, some interesting trends are observed. The bond angle (H-c-H) in CH_4 is 109^, as we would expect for a molecule in the tetrahedral VSEPR class. However, other molecules in the same VSEPR class, such as ammonia (NH_3, H-N-H = 107^) and water (H_2O, H-O-H = 105^), have smaller bond angles than expected. Explain the basis for the bond angle trend: CH_4 > NH_3 > H_2O. The molecules CH_2Cl_2, CHCl_3 and CCl_4 all have a tetrahedral shape. Determine which of the molecules is polar and which is nonpolar. For those that are polar, make a drawing indicating of delta + and delta - charge.

Explanation / Answer

3) CH2Cl2 - Polar

Although bond arrangement around C in CH2Cl2 is symmetrical but differing polarities of C -H and C - Cl bond means that effect of polar bond not cancelled and molecule is polar.

CHCl3 - Polar

CHCl3 have tetrahedral geometry but there is three C - Cl bond are polar and one C - H bond is non polar thus it is slightly polar molecule.

CCl4 - non polar

bond between C - Cl are polar but polarity of bond cancelled by symmetrical tetrahedral molecular geometry and molecule become non polar.

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