In a laboratory class, a student is given three flasks that are labeled Q, R, an

Question

In a laboratory class, a student is given three flasks that are labeled Q, R, and S. Each flask contains one of the following solutions: 1.0 M Pb(NO_3)_2, 1.0 M NaCl, or 1.0 M K_2CO_3. The student is also given two flasks that are labeled X and Y. One of these flasks contains 1.0 M AgNO_3, and the other contains 1.0 M BaCl_2. This information is summarized in the diagram below. When the student combined a sample of the solution Q with a sample of X, a precipitate formed. A precipitate also formed when samples of solutions Q and Y are combined. Identify solution Q. Write the chemical formulas for each of the two precipitates. When solution Q is mixed with solution R, a precipitate forms. However, no precipitate forms when solution Q is mixed with solution S. Identify solution R and solution S. Write the chemical formula of the precipitate that forms when solution Q is mixed with solution R. The identity of solution X and solution Y are to be determined using the following solutions: 1.0 M Pb(NO_3)_2, 1 0 M NaCl, and 1.0 M K_2CO_3. Describe a procedure to identify solution X and solution Y. Describe the observations that would allow you to distinguish between solution X and solution Y. Explain how the observations would enable you to distinguish between solution X and solution Y.

Explanation / Answer

(i)

(a) Q is K2CO3

(b) K2CO3 (aq.) + 2 AgNO3 (aq.) ---------> Ag2CO3 (s) + 2 KNO3 (aq.)

K2CO3 (aq.) + BaCl2 (aq.) ------------> BaCO3 (s) + 2 KCl (aq.)

(ii)

(a) R is Pb(NO3)2 solution and S is NaCl solution

(b) K2CO3 (aq.) + Pb(NO3)2 (aq.) ----------> PbCO3 (s) + 2 KNO3 (aq.)

K2CO3 (aq.) + 2 NaCl (aq.) --------> 2 KCl (Aq.) + Na2CO3 (aq.) ,   no net reaction.

(iii)

(i) Treat X and Y individually with each of the three solutions provided.

(ii) If Solution X forms precipitate with only K2CO3 solution, then X is BaCl2 solution.

If Y forms precipitate with both NaCl and K2CO3 solution then Y is AgNO3 solution

(iii) BaCl2 (aq.) + K2CO3 (aq.) ----------> BaCO3 (s) + 2 KCl (aq.)

AgNO3 (aq.) + NaCl (aq.) ---------> AgCl (s) + NaNO3 (aq.)

2 AgNO3 (aq.) + K2CO3 (aq.) ---------> Ag2CO3 (s) + 2 KNO3 (aq.)

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