Water is essential for our life. Drinking water means water that is clean and sa
ID: 108639 • Letter: W
Question
Water is essential for our life. Drinking water means water that is clean and safe for drink and for preparing food and also without health risk. availability. An adult requires at least eight glasses of water per day i.e. 1.89 liters of water daily. Each year 1.8 million children die from diarrhea. In many part of world for collection of drinking water many women spend hours in a day.
Issues of drinking water availability
There are many reasons behind the availability of drinking water and they are: 1. in certain areas of world natural shortage of drinking-water. 2. floods in some parts of world 3. situation of river 4. pollution of rivers 5. large dams and so on. Many people do not have even a little water for drink and preparing food.
The Colorado River( the principal rivers of the Southwestern United States) is not only reduced its water level, but also drying. This is because of climate change and poor water management, So to prevent further damage local and state authorities should plan to change damaging methods of water management. There is also imbalance between supply and demand for water in Southwestern United States. The prices of water in Southwestern United States has been increased due to unavailability of drinking water. Most of the Colorado River's water is used by agriculture.
Quality of water
After the water availability or access,further the water quality could reduce the amount of useful water available for people consumption, agriculture, industrial purposes and sanitation. The water quality is effected due to Increasing salinity levels in water in Southwestern United States including San Diego County. Due to this high level of salinity water became unusable or less usable. San Diego faces water crisis because the demand for water exceeds the supply.
Climate change
The local climate of southwest U.S. is hot and dry. Climate change in Southwestern U.S. has many factors that includes Increased heat, drought, flood and drying up of rivers.Climate change is one of the reasons behind water unavailability in Southwestern U.S.
Population Increase
Population increase in southwestern US is also a major problem of water crisis. due to increase in population water uses also increase so this demands more water than supply.The demand of water is dependent on the numbers of people and also on that people's per capita use of water.
Local vs imported water
Local water of southwestern US has high level of salinity in it so local people can not use it much. To fulfill the demand water has been imported here.
Waste treatment and recycling attitudes
There are unnecessary flush toilets, improper uses of pipes and shower heads are all responsible for the water crisis in Southwester U.S. The waste treatment and recycling is not used to recycle the water. They should use a water recycle plant that recycle the used water and make it clean to drink it.
Desalinization plant can be used to remove the salts and chemicals from the water to make it use for drink and other purposes. People should preserve local waters for complete water demand and prevent future shortages.
Explanation / Answer
The interesting fact about water is that only 1% of water is readily available for all human needs. The majority amount 97% is undrinkable i.e salt water and the rest 2% is stuck in glaciers and ice caps. Approximately 750 million people in the world do not have access to pure and safe drinking water that is the reason many illness comes from waterborne diseases.
To overcome the diseases some improvements for safe drinking water are being practiced and they are establishment of safe drinking water Act and disinfecting water using chlorine to kill bacteria and viruses. Chlorine is the most frequently used chemical to disinfect bacteria. Due to lack of availability the pure water is Ghana costs 3X times more as much as in New York. As human body is composed of 50-65% water imagine how expensive it is to drink pure water in countries like Ghana.
In countries like INDIA women often travel many kilometres to get few litres of water. Just imagine how would such small amount of water is enough for all their household purpose as well as to drink. They spend many hours daily to travel and collect water. This is happening due to lack of water management and water distribution between urban consumers. India is one of the top growers of agriculture in the world so they use more water for agriculture because they still practice traditional farming. Government should take necessary action to change the scenario Which can become even worse in the coming years.
The surface water from rivers and lakes depends upon it's quality and which is not drinkable and the water has to be treated before usage. Where as groundwater available is realtively pure and very less chances of contamination. Rain water on the other hand is pure but as it gets contact with land, gets polluted because of dust particles. The major causes if drinking water scarcity are overuse of water and water pollution.
The only solution to improve drinking water availability is to educate people who are not understanding the concept of water scarcity concept and create awareness in them, Which can atleast help the problem becoming worse in future. Government should take several actions to improve technology related to recycle and conservation of water, develop new techniques in farming and sewage systems are also to be improved.
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