SHOW YOUR WORK CLEARLY WITH UNITS! 1. The conductivity of aqueous solutions of 0

Question

SHOW YOUR WORK CLEARLY WITH UNITS! 1. The conductivity of aqueous solutions of 0.6 M HC H02.0.5 M HC1, 2 M NaCl, and 1 MCi2H2zOu were measured in the same way that is done in the lab for the conductivity experiment. Based upon the conductivity readings, fill in the blank spaces in the table below. Formula of Strong. Weak, lons Present Conductivity Reading (uS) compound or Non- electrolyte 884 >20,000 15,000 54 trong noh elect The siemens (SI unit symbol: S) is the unit of electrical conductance. 2. Iron metal reacts with chlorine gas according to the following chemical equation: 2Fe(s) + 3Cldg) 2 FcC149 How many grams of FeCl, (162.20 g/mol) may be obtained when 7.26 mol Cl, reacts with excess Fe? 3. How many grams of PCL(s) is produced if 25.0 g of chlorine gas is added to 4.84 g of phosphorus (P.) in a reaction vessel? You must first balance the equation for the reaction: -alg- Pds) PCMs) 4. The insecticide DDT is produced by the reaction of dichlorobenzene (C,H,CI) and chloral (C HOCI,): When 1142 g of chlorobenzene is allowed to react with 484 g of chloral i. what is the limiting reactant for this reaction? ii. what is the theoretical yield of DDT formed (in grams)? ii. If the actual yield of DDT is 195.0 g, what is the percent yield?

Explanation / Answer

1. Based on the conductivity data in the table

weak electrolyte : 0.6 M HC2H3O2

Ions present : H+, C2H3O2-

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Strong electrolyte : 0.5 M HCl

Ions present : H+, Cl-

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Non-electrolyte : C12H22O11

Ions present : none

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2. 2Fe(s) + 3Cl2(g) --> 2FeCl3((s)

moles Cl2 = 7.26 moles

moles FeCl3 produced = 7.26 x 2/3 = 4.84 moles

mass FeCl3 produced = 4.84 moles x 162.20 g/mol = 785.05 g

3. Balanced equation,

P4(s) + 6Cl2(g) --> 4PCl3

moles P4 = 4.84 g/124 g/mol = 0.039 moles

moles Cl2 = 25 g/71 g/mol = 0.352 moles

limiting reagent = since moles of Cl2 available (0.352 moles) is greater than required (4 x 0.039 = 0.234 moles) for complete consumption of P4, P4 is the limiting reactant.

mass PCl3 produced = 0.039 x 4 x 137.3 g/mol = 21.42 g

4. DDT production

i. moles C6H5Cl = 1142 g/112.56 g/mol = 10.145 moles

moles C2HOCl3 = 484 g/147.4 g/mol = 3.28 moles

limiting reactant : since moles of C2HOCl3 is less than 1/2 moles of C6H5Cl as needed for complete consumption of C6H5Cl, C2HOCl3 is the limiting reactant

ii. theoretical yield of DDT = 3.28 moles x 354.5 g/mol = 1162.8 g

iii. percent yield = (195 g/1162.8 g) x 100 = 16.8%

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