The DATAfile Colleges contains a sample of 103 private colleges and universities
ID: 1136384 • Letter: T
Question
The DATAfile Colleges contains a sample of 103 private colleges and universities. The data include the name of the college or university, the year the institution was founded, the tuition and fees (not including room and board) for the most recent academic year, and the percentage of full time, first-time bachelor’s degree-seeking undergraduate students who obtain their degree in six years or less (The World Almanac, 2012).
a)Construct a crosstabulation with Year Founded as the row variable and Tuition & Fees as the column variable. Use classes starting with 1600 and ending with 2000 in increments of 50 for Year Founded. For Tuition & Fees, use classes starting with 1 and ending 45000 in increments of 5000.
b)Compute the row percentages for the crosstabulation in part (a).
c)What relationship, if any, do you notice between Year Founded and Tuition & Fees?
School Year Founded Tuition & Fees % Graduate American University 1893 $36,697 79.00 Baylor University 1845 $29,754 70.00 Belmont University 1951 $23,680 68.00 Bethune-Cookman University 1904 $13,572 37.00 Boston College 1863 $40,542 91.00 Boston University. 1839 $39,864 84.00 Bradley University 1897 $25,424 78.00 Brown University 1764 $42,230 95.00 Bucknell University 1846 $43,866 91.00 Butler University 1855 $30,558 73.00 Brigham Young University 1875 $4,560 78.00 Campbell University 1887 $22,520 51.70 Canisius College 1870 $30,077 70.00 Charleston Southern University. 1964 $19,814 39.00 Colgate University 1819 $41,870 88.00 Columbia University 1754 $41,160 96.00 Cornell University 1865 $39,666 93.00 Creighton University 1878 $30,578 77.00 Dartmouth College 1769 $40,437 95.00 Davidson College 1837 $38,866 91.00 University of Dayton 1850 $29,930 78.00 University of Denver 1864 $37,833 76.00 DePaul University 1898 $28,858 68.00 Drake university 1881 $28,382 75.00 Drexel University 1891 $33,005 67.00 Duke University 1838 $40,243 95.00 Duquesne University 1878 $27,502 75.00 Elon University 1889 $27,881 81.00 University of Evansville 1854 $28,076 66.00 Fairfield University 1942 $39,040 84.00 Fairleigh Dickinson University 1942 $33,410 59.00 Fordham University 1841 $38,277 79.00 Furman University 1826 $38,088 84.00 Gardner-Webb University 1905 $22,410 48.00 George Washington University 1821 $42,905 81.00 Georgetown University 1789 $40,203 93.00 Gonzaga University 1887 $30,925 82.00 University of Hartford 1877 $30,754 58.00 Harvard University 1636 $38,415 97.00 Hofstra University 1935 $31,800 60.00 Houston Baptist University 1960 $23,180 45.00 Howard University 1867 $17,905 65.00 Iona College 1940 $30,192 63.00 Jacksonville University 1934 $26,600 41.00 La Salle University 1863 $35,140 69.00 Lafayette College 1826 $39,115 89.00 Lehigh University 1865 $39,780 88.00 Liberty University 1971 $19,154 54.00 Lipscomb University 1891 $23,494 56.00 Loyola University Chicago 1870 $33,294 68.00 Loyola University Maryland 1852 $39,350 82.00 Manhattan College 1853 $29,800 73.00 Marist College 1929 $27,650 80.00 Marquette University 1881 $31,822 81.00 Mercer University 1833 $30,560 61.00 University of Miami (FL) 1925 $37,836 80.00 Monmouth College 1853 $28,650 59.00 Mt. St. Mary's University 1960 $24,410 53.00 Niagara University 1856 $25,650 68.00 Northeastern University 1898 $36,792 77.00 Northwestern University 1851 $40,224 93.00 University of Notre Dame 1842 $41,417 96.00 Oral Roberts University 1963 $20,044 53.00 Pacific University 1849 $33,612 65.00 University of Pennsylvania 1740 $42,098 96.00 Pepperdine University 1937 $39,080 80.00 University of Portland 1901 $33,538 77.00 Princeton University 1746 $37,000 96.10 Providence College 1917 $39,435 88.00 Quinnipiac University 1929 $36,130 75.00 Rice University 1912 $35,551 93.00 University of Richmond 1830 $43,170 87.00 Rider University 1865 $30,470 64.00 Robert Morris University 1921 $21,550 61.00 Sacred Heart University 1963 $31,440 67.00 Saint Francis University (PA) 1847 $26,534 68.00 Saint Louis University 1818 $32,656 72.00 Saint Peter's College 1872 $28,332 46.00 Samford University 1841 $23,932 73.00 University of San Diego 1949 $38,578 73.00 University of San Francisco 1855 $37,424 69.00 Santa Clara University 1851 $37,368 87.00 Seton Hall University 1856 $31,890 63.00 Siena College 1937 $28,985 73.00 Southern Methodist University 1911 $39,430 74.00 University of Southern California 1880 $41,022 89.00 St. Bonaventure University 1858 $26,895 68.00 St. Francis University (NY) 1884 $17,280 54.00 St. John's University (NY) 1870 $31,980 58.00 Stanford University 1891 $41,006 95.00 Stetson University 1883 $35,081 61.00 Syracuse University 1870 $36,302 83.00 Texas Christian University 1873 $32,490 74.00 Tulane University 1834 $41,884 70.00 University of Tulsa 1894 $28,310 65.00 Valparaiso University 1859 $31,040 70.00 Vanderbilt University 1873 $39,930 91.00 Villanova University 1842 $39,665 90.00 Wagner College 1883 $35,820 66.00 Wake Forest University 1834 $41,576 89.00 Wofford College 1854 $31,710 82.00 Xavier University (Ohio) 1831 $29,970 79.00 Yale University 1701 $38,300 98.00Explanation / Answer
We have the following information
Year Founded
Tuition and Fees ($)
Grand Total
1-5000
10001-15000
15001-20000
20001-25000
25001-30000
30001-35000
35001-40000
40001-45000
1600-1649
1
1
1700-1749
2
1
3
1750-1799
4
4
1800-1849
1
3
3
6
8
21
1850-1899
1
2
2
13
14
13
4
49
1900-1949
1
2
3
4
8
18
1950-2000
2
4
1
7
Grand Total
1
1
4
9
19
22
30
17
103
Year Founded
Tuition and Fees ($)
Grand Total
1-5000
10001-15000
15001-20000
20001-25000
25001-30000
30001-35000
35001-40000
40001-45000
1600-1649
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
0.0%
100.0%
1700-1749
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
66.7%
33.3%
100.0%
1750-1799
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
100.0%
1800-1849
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
4.8%
14.3%
14.3%
28.6%
38.1%
100.0%
1850-1899
2.0%
0.0%
4.1%
4.1%
26.5%
28.6%
26.5%
8.2%
100.0%
1900-1949
0.0%
5.6%
0.0%
11.1%
16.7%
22.2%
44.4%
0.0%
100.0%
1950-2000
0.0%
0.0%
28.6%
57.1%
0.0%
14.3%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
Grand Total
1.0%
1.0%
3.9%
8.7%
18.4%
21.4%
29.1%
16.5%
100.0%
On the basis of the above information, one can conclude that the Tuition and Fees structure of private colleges and universities that have been founded comparatively recently is more affordable as compared to those that were established earlier.
Year Founded
Tuition and Fees ($)
Grand Total
1-5000
10001-15000
15001-20000
20001-25000
25001-30000
30001-35000
35001-40000
40001-45000
1600-1649
1
1
1700-1749
2
1
3
1750-1799
4
4
1800-1849
1
3
3
6
8
21
1850-1899
1
2
2
13
14
13
4
49
1900-1949
1
2
3
4
8
18
1950-2000
2
4
1
7
Grand Total
1
1
4
9
19
22
30
17
103
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