ENVIRONMENT( at least 100 words) -- In the United States we currently make polic

Question

ENVIRONMENT( at least 100 words) -- In the United States we currently make policy decisions using a risk-based decision-making process. The precautionary principle is an alternative policy-making process that is very controversial in the United States but very accepted in Europe. Type I and II errors. A Type I error is the theoretical possibility that a decision is made to accept that something is happening when nothing is happening. A Type II error is the theoretical possibility that a decision is made that nothing is happening when something is happening. The kind of error that is preferable depends on the perspective of the individual. For example, to a utility company it would be an error [Type I] to act if global warming is happening when it may not be. To an ecologist, evolutionary biologist, agronomist, or another individual who views the consequences of global climate change as severe, it would be an error [Type II] to act as if global warming is not happening (when it could be). Having said this, you have tow choices for this week's discussion.

1. Describe the economic and social impact of acting as if global climate change is occurring (when it is not)—diversion of money from other tasks to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, cost of energy conservation, economic dislocations from reducing greenhouse gas emissions and energy conservation, and so on.

2. Or describe the economic and social impact of acting as if global climate change is not occurring (when it is)—impacts on global and local ecosystems, impacts on the ability to grow food or obtain resources (timber), impacts from increased energy usage (air-conditioning?).

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ANSWER:-

Global warming is the current increase in temperature of the Earth's surface as well as it's atmosphere.Climate change impacts can be measured as an economic cost This is particularly well-suited to market impacts, that is impacts that are linked to market transactions and directly affect GDP. Monetary measures of non-market impacts, e.g., impacts on human health and ecosystems, are more difficult to calculate.Future predictions of development affect estimates of future climate change impacts, and in some instances, different estimates of development trends lead to a reversal from a predicted positive, to a predicted negative, impact. a small increase in global mean temperature would result in net negative market sector impacts in many developing countries and net positive market sector impacts in many developed countries.Climate change, coupled with globalization, is deeply affecting circumpolar societies who are experiencing unprecedented shifts in their livelihoods.Their culture, traditions, knowledge, and their lives have developed in harmony with surrounding ecosystems.
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver.Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat,changes in the timing of seasonal events.The impacts of climate change can be thought of in terms of sensitivity and vulnerability.Climate change will impact agriculture and food production around the world due to: the effects of elevated CO2 in the atmosphere, higher temperatures, altered precipitation and transpiration regimes, increased frequency of extreme events, and modified weed, pest, and pathogen pressure.In general, low-latitude areas are at most risk of having decreased crop yields.Migration related to climate change is likely to be predominantly from rural areas in developing countries to towns and cities.

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