Discussion and Reflection Questions 1. In North America today, we hear a lot abo

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Discussion and Reflection Questions 1. In North America today, we hear a lot about "the middle class" and even the “decline of the middle class." Who is the “middle class"? How does that term fit into Marx and Engels's categories (bourgeoisie and proletariat)? If the middle class is in decline, is that support for the Marxist claim about the polarization of the classes? 2. Marx portrays machinery as a use of technology to exploit and oppress people in capitalist society. Do you agree? Why or why not? 3. After the financial crash of 2008, many young people in many countries have been experiencing difficulties in find- ing a job. (Check out the unemployment rates of under-30s in Spain, Italy, and Greece. What are the general and youth unemployment rates in your own country and in your own on) Do you think this tevel oe unemeloyinert City or regi marks the be"ining oF the 'joblessture, or is it only a temporory condition, 71

Explanation / Answer

1. Large gaps between classes emerged during GILDED AGE during 1920s and 1930s after the re-founding of cities along rivers due to trade middle class emerged. The major reason why middle class are different from upper class because they couldn't make much money like them. There are 3 categories again in middle class:

1. UPPER-MIDDLE

2. MIDDLE-MIDDLE

3. LOWER-MIDDLE.

During this period the rise of super wealthy class also saw the most powerful middle class, whose values literally influenced American culture.The only weapon middle class used is CAPITALISM which includes produce something, sell it to make money and they always believe in change. According to Marxist claim the lower middle class number is numerically huge and according to Marx classes are large groups of people differing from each other by the place they occupy in a historically determined system of social production.

2. Marx's discussion of large scale industry is a thorough analysis of the function of machines, he describe about the development and impact of machinery and large scale industry. The work force had already been divided and organized like an army under the manufacturer system of system thus the capitalist had initially gained an advantage over his competitors when he increased the production of each individual worker into a together collective work. Marx defines workers even perform activities like tools set in motion. I completely agree with Marx opinion about machinery and I can clearly understand about modern industry and I wonder how Marx was able to predict about machinery long back then.

3. Unemployment rates for young people went up dramatically high during financial crisis in 2008 and to be honest it still remains high. The 2008 financial crisis made the year very worst situation since the end of world war II and almost 2.7 job losses are reported during the financial crash of 2008. Unemployment has been rising sharply in the European Union(EU) since 2008 as a result of the global economic crisis. Men are clearly more affected compared to women and the position of young people is more vulnerable.

In my opinion the global crisis will impact on growth and employment and I really don't want to see unemployment rise again in history. Young talented people needs to be encouraged and jobs are to be provided only for the eligible candidates rather than recommended candidates. The new trend is that many people are running towards part time jobs and not studying. what I feel is that with minimum education students needs to crack core jobs rather than part time job.

Let us consider INDIA for example, there is CASTE SYSTEM for college and school admissions to government jobs. Unfit candidates are getting jobs in caste quota and Talented people are doing other jobs in different fields and interestingly people who don't even have a degree are people's representative and ruling country. This has to be changed totally.

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