19. In the first column, list four common second messengers used in signaling pa

Question

19. In the first column, list four common second messengers used in signaling pathways. In the second
column, list one direct target that becomes activated in response to the presence of the second
messenger.
Second messenger: Target:
_________________________, ________________________________________________________
__________________________, ______________________________________________________
__________________________, _______________________________________________________
__________________________, ______________________________________________________

Explanation / Answer

Cyclic AMP------------------ cAMP protein kinase

3,5 cyclic GMP---------- cGMP protein kinase/ gated ion channels

Ptdins (3,4,5)-P3 ------------------PKC PH-domain proteins

Ins(1,4,5)-P3-------------------------IP3 RECEPTOR /Ca2+ channel

DAG--------------------PKC

Arachidonate--------------------- PKC Smase

Ceramide---------------PP2A SER/Thr kinase

Sphingosine 1-phosphate --------ca+ stores

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