(a) Based on the figure above, calculate the origination rate during Geological
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Question
(a) Based on the figure above, calculate the origination rate during Geological Stage B. Assume the stage lasts 3 million years.
(b) Based on the figure above, calculate the extinction rate during Geological Stage D. Assume thestage lasts 3 million years.
(c) Define standing diversity
(d) What is the standing diversity at the end of Stage C? At the end of Stage D? Based on the formula I presented in class show how diversity at these 2 time points are related.
2. Briefly discuss ecological and evolutionary conditions that would be conductive to sympatric speciation. Define sympatric speciation in your answer.
Youngest fossil of a species Oldest known fossil of a speciesExplanation / Answer
(a) Species originate during Geological Stage B = 10
Geological Stage B age = 3 million years
Origination rate during Geological Stage B = 10/3 = 3.33 Species/million years
(b)
Species extinct during Geological Stage D = 9
Geological Stage D age = 3 million years
Extinction rate during Geological Stage D = 9/3 = 3 Species/million years
(c)
The number of different unique taxa, usually species, but often higher taxa, at a given time and place is termed as standing diversity.
(d)
Number of species at the end of Stage C = 24, standing diversity at the end of Stage C = 24
Number of species at the end of Stage D = 21, standing diversity at the end of Stage D = 21
2.
Homozygosity due to natural selection can assist a new species to evolve from a single ancestral secies that too ihabiting same geographic region because in the absence of any other developed species the organism will favour homozygosity and thus leads to speciation. Apart from this Sympatric divergence can also happen due to the conflict in opposite sex.
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