8. Vancomycin may still be used to treat MRSA infections for all of the followin

Question

8. Vancomycin may still be used to treat MRSA infections for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

a. Vancomycin inhibits cross-linking in the peptidoglycan.

b. Vancomycin inhibits the transpeptidase enzyme.

c. Vancomycin binds to penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a).

d. Vancomycin binds directly to the peptidoglycan.

e. Vancomycin is effective against MRSA for all of the above reasons.

9. For some time, people have used tetracycline to treat malaria infections, although they did not know why it worked because the malarial organism is ____.

a. eukaryotic

b. prokaryotic

c. acellular (neither eukaryotic nor prokaryotic)

10. The malarial organism possesses the remnants of a chloroplast, called an apicoplast. How does tetracycline inhibit growth of the malarial organism? Be sure to make it clear why it is more toxic to cells of the pathogen than human cells in your answer. "Because it has an apicoplast" is not a sufficient answer!

Explanation / Answer

Vancomycin still used to treat MRSA infection because vancomycin inhibits cross- linking in the peptidoglycan. Vancomycin only acts on gram positive bacteria. The cell wall of bacteria is made up of peptidoglycal layer.

The structural unit of peptidoglycan is named as NAM ( N- acetylmuramic acid) and NAG (N- acetyl glucose amile). This NAM NAG unit has D-alanine, D-alanine it is a amino acid side chain. NAM NAG unit crossed linked with each other by Glycosidic bond within the D-alanine D-alanine unit. In this porcess Transglycosylase enzyme croselinked NAM NAG unit when vacomycin is given it attached with D-alanine, D-alanine terminals so Tranglycosylase enzyme enable to crossed linked this two D-alanine D-alanine terminals.

So that vancomycin inhibites the bacterial cell wall syntheses and cell wall of bacteria damaged and destroyed.

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