I cannot remember how to calculate the time constant correctly, ive been trying
ID: 1385891 • Letter: I
Question
I cannot remember how to calculate the time constant correctly, ive been trying and just cant get it. Can anybody help?
In the figure below, suppose that ? = 61.0 V, R = 125 ?, and L = 0.160 H. With switch S2 open, switch S1 is left closed until a constant current is established. Then S2 is closed and S1 opened, taking the battery out of the circuit.
Which point is at a higher potential?
Point b is at a higher potential.
Both points are at the same potential.
Point c is at a higher potential.
(d) How long does it take the current to decrease to half its initial value?
_________s
Explanation / Answer
(a) The constant current reached will be independent of L
I0 = ?/R = 61 / 125 = 0.488 A
(b)
The potential difference between a and b is
Vab = iR
and the potential difference between b and c is
Vbc = L di/dt
Using Kirchhoff's loop rules
Vab + Vbc = 0
so di/dt = -(R/L)i
Therefore, the current is,
i = = I0e-(R/L)t = 0.488e-(125/0.16)(4.00x10-4) = 0.357 A
(c)
Potential difference, Vbc = -Vab = -iR = -0.357 * 125 = -44.628 V
Magnitude: 44.628 V
The current is flowing from a to b to c. Hence, a is at heigher potential than b.
sign of the volatge across inductor is opposite, so c is at heigher potential than b.
(d)
we want i = I0/2 and then 1/2 = e-(R/L)?
So,
ln[0.5] = -(R/L)?
? = -ln[0.5]L/R
? = 8.87x10-4 s
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