Needs help asap _______________ are transposable elements that move within the g
ID: 140446 • Letter: N
Question
Needs help asap
_______________ are transposable elements that move within the genome by being copied and reinserted as DNA sequences, avoiding the need for reverse transcription"
Retrotransposons
Retrovirus-like elements
DNA transposons
Satellite DNAs
Long interspersed elements (LINEs)
F.Short interspersed elements (SINEs)
The large differences observed in genomic size among eukaryotes correspond primarily to differences in
the amount of protein-coding genes
the amount of noncoding DNA
the biological complexity of the organisms at hand
the length of the telomeres
E the size of the centromere
The study of lncRNAs has revealed
that protein-coding genes are distributed homogeneously throughout the genome
that splicing regulates more genes than initially expected
that miRNAs are mostly limited to intronic sequences
that only a relatively small fraction of the human genome is ever transcribed
the existence of genomic regions coding exclusively for rRNA and tRNA
that extensive regions of our genome are in fact actively transcribed even though they do not contain protein-coding genes
A.Retrotransposons
BRetrovirus-like elements
CDNA transposons
DSatellite DNAs
ELong interspersed elements (LINEs)
F.Short interspersed elements (SINEs)
Explanation / Answer
1) DNA transposons
There are two types of Transposable element :
Class I Transposons : Transcribe DNA ---> RNA and use reverse transcriptase.
Retrotransposons move with the help of RNA intermediate and reverse transcriptase enzyme is needed to reverse transcribe the RNA back to DNA.
Examples ; LINE,SINE.
Class II transposons : Consists of DNA that moves directly from one place to other.They never use RNA intermediate and move into genome by cut-paste or sometimes copy-paste mechanism.
2)The amount of non-coding DNA
Complexity of organism is not related directly to genome size.Some single cell organisms consists of much more DNA than multicellular organisms.
The amount of non coding DNA that do not code for any protein corresponds to large genome size differences in eukaruotes.Presence of non-coding sequences is the primery property of complex eukaryotic genome.
3) The potential study of lncRNA revealed that miRNAs are mostly limited to intronic sequences.
Non coding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides are lncRNAs.Approximately 40% of all known miRNAS are found in Introns of protein coding genes and another 40% are found in transcripts that do not code for protein.Exonic miRNAs are nearly 10% only.Transcriptome analysis found that most short RNAs are part of long RNAs.
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