Case 1a: The Wounded Hiker Over the weekend, Sam and his friends went for a day
ID: 140907 • Letter: C
Question
Case 1a: The Wounded Hiker Over the weekend, Sam and his friends went for a day hiking trip up in the mountains near an old mine shaft. During the course of their hike, Sam accidentally cut his foot on an old piece of mining equipment. The metal shard cut right through his shoe! His friends made him stop and clean the wound with some supplies they had in a first aid kit. However, because Sam's shoe was ripped, he proceeded to put on Teva sandals for the remainder of the hike. The group returned to their cars, and Sam had noticed that his feet were covered entirely with dirt from the hike. A few days later, Sam began noticing that he had fever, headache, and sore jaw that was prone to cramping. Concerned, Sam went to the emergency room where you work.Explanation / Answer
6. the microbe is gram positive.
as most of the bacteria are categorized into 2 main categories-gram positive and gram negative. gram stain is a weakly alkaline sloion of crystal violet. bacteria that retains purple color are gram positive bacteria, they retain the color of stain because they have thick peptidoglycan layer outside the cell which absorbs stain.
while the bacteria which loose the color of stain (apper red) are gram negative bacteria.
7. microbe shown in this picture is , rod shaped or spindle shaped. and its spores have bowling pin or bottle shape.. so it is clostridium.
8. yes they have spores, and spores are of bowling pin or bottle shape.
during the adaptation to the changes in environment and when nutrients are exhausted , bacteria adapt survival strategy. one of the extreme survival is employed by low G+C gram postive bacteria in the formation of endospore. bacteria initiate this development process in response to nutrient deprivation.
the three layers of endospores are- coat, cortex and core.
coat- outer proteinaceous coat surrounds the spore and provides chemical and enzymatic resistance.
cortex- beneath the coat, thick peptidoglycan layer is present, it helps in dehydration of the spore core which aids in resistance to high temperature.
core- center of the endospore,in the dehydrated state. it is the house of DNA, ribosomes, and dipicolinic acid.
function of endospore:
it allows bacteria to produce dormant ad resistant cell so that it can preserve the cell's genetic material in extreame stress . stress include high temperature, high uv irradiance, dessication , chemical changes etc.
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