Explain the cell theory; know the three basic tenets of the theory. All cells ha

Question

Explain the cell theory; know the three basic tenets of the theory.

All cells have to carry out certain functions, what do all cells have in common?

Compare/contrast an Eukaryotic vs a Prokaryotic cell type.

Understand the concept of selective toxicity. What do all effective targets of an antimicrobial agent have in common? What are some characteristics of Prokaryotic cells that can be targeted?

Explain the unity and diversity of prokaryotic cells in terms of evolutionary theories.

Describe the three basic shapes (morphologies) of bacteria.

What are the functions of the plasma membrane, how does the structure of the plasma membrane aid in carrying out these functions?

Describe the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane. Draw out the plasma membrane, include the phospholipid bilayer (indicating polar/hydrophilic and nonpolar/hydrophobic components) and peripheral and integral proteins. Also indicate the intracellular (cytoplasmic) and extracellular regions.

What are the functions of the components of the plasma membrane? Phospholipids, proteins?

Transport. Compare/contrast the following mechanisms of transport in terms of the types of molecules transported, with or against the concentration gradient, if any Energy input is required, if a transport molecule is involved, and if Euk and or Prok use this mechanism.

Osmosis (explain the role of aquaporins)

Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion

Active transport (proton motive force / ATP binding cassette system)

Group translocation

Explanation / Answer

According to cell theory,
1. All organisms are composed of cells.
2. Cell is the structural unit of living organisms/life.
3. Cell is the functional unit of living organisms/life.
4. New cells originate from the division of old cells.

All cells have basic metabolism in common. For example respiration, excretion etc.

Eukaryotic cells:
Have definite nucleus surrounded by membrane.
Have special organelles.
DNA is linear
80s ribosomes are present.

Prokaryotic cells:
Do not have a definite nucleus and is not bounded by membrane
Do not have organelles.
DNA is circular
70s ribosomes are present

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