har ane the chemical components of sc o Of what use is glycogen and what kind(s)
ID: 147636 • Letter: H
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har ane the chemical components of sc o Of what use is glycogen and what kind(s) of organisms use it? Of what use is starch and what kind(s) of organisms use it? Of what use is cellulose and what kind(s) of organisms use it? 7. Why can carbohydrates/polysaccharides have complex branching patterns compared to polypeptides and nucleic acids? Why are polysaccharides called carbohydrates 8. What is the most abundant organic polymer on earth? (celilulose; from here you should be able to figure out what is the most abundant organic monomer on earth?) 9. What is a hydrolysis reaction? What is a condensation reaction? Name and or draw at least three examples of each. 10. Describe the small chemical difference between starch and cellulose and the HUGE biological consequence (Le., why can't you eat a bucket of grass for breakfast? Ok. you can eat a bucket of grass for breakfast, but why won't you get much energy from doing so?) 11. Why did (or should have) the unsalted cracker begin to taste sweet after it had been in your mouth for some 12. What is 13. What is sucralose/Splenda? How does its structure differ from sucrose? Why doesn't it have calories 14. What is NutraSweet? Is it a sugar (chemically, not tastefully, speaking)? If not, what is it? (we wi time? rup What part of the corm part does it come from and how is it processed? why can't it be broken down by your body?) answer this question when we talk about peptides proteins) 15. What is a fatty acid? What two components make up a fatty acid? Why is the carboxyl group at one end of a fatty acid hydrophilic and reactive? Why is the hydrocarbon chain coming off the carboxyl group 16. How many hydrocarbon chains does a triglyceride have? How many does a phospholipids have? How 17. What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fat? What is saturated fat saturated with? What 18. How does the structure of Olestra differ from that of regular fat? Why can 't your body digest i? 20. Which is more healthy: tub margarine or stick margarine? margarine or butter? hydrophobic (be able to answer this in detail)? many does cholesterol (which is also classified as a lipid) have? is the difference between cis- and trans-fatty acids? 21. Trielycerides are hdrophobic. Phospholipids have a hydrophilic end and a hydrophobic end ue, they are amphipathic). Explain this difference. Draw a diagram of a phospholipid bilayer. Describe how it is stabilized 23. Draw a diagram of a soap molecule. Explain how it removes fats and other molecules s molecule play in biological membranes? 25. Where would you expect to find triglycerides in a cell? Why?Explanation / Answer
6.Starch - Convert into glucose to be used as energy.
Used as gluting agent.
9. Hydrolysis reaction is used for both electrochemical and biological reactions. In this reaction water is used to break a compound, this is achieved by breaking a covalent bond in the compound by inserting water molecule. Examples are -
1.Salt hydrolysis. 2.Acid hydrolysis. 3.Base hydrolysis.
Condensation reaction - The chemical reaction where two small molecules combine to form a larger molecule with the elimination of water molecule.Examples are -
12. Corn syrup is food syrup made from starch of corn (maize). It contains varying amounts of maltose and oligosaccharides. It prevents crystallization of sugar.
Corn starch is processed by hydrolysis of corn starch, either by heating it with dilute acid or addition of enzymes.
14. NutraSweet is brand name of commonly used artificial sweetener, Aspartame. It is made by combining amino acids aspartic acid and phenylalanine.
15. A fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with a long aliphatic chain which is either saturated or unsaturated.
24. Glycolipids. Maintain stability of cell membrane.
Cellular recognition important ffor immune response and cell connection to oe another.
25. Triglycerides are found in adipose cells, (in subcutaneous, intraperitoneal) muscle cells and in high concentrations in bones. Also synthesized in liver cells.
Triglycerides are burned as fuel to compensate body needs. These are mechanism for storing and transporting fatty acids.
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