1. Name the scientists who discovered i, Microscope, a) a Cell, iii) Nucleus, an
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Question
1. Name the scientists who discovered i, Microscope, a) a Cell, iii) Nucleus, and iv) Chromosomes 2. In 2-3 sentences describe the significance of Mendel's work that laid the foundation for major areas of biology such as genetics and molecular biology 3. Describe in 2-3 sentences as to how did the work of Thomas Morgan on flies supported Mendels' work In 2-3 sentences describe the contribution of following scientists towards discerning the structure of DNA: i Griffith ii} Avery,McLeod and McCarty il) Hershey and Chase v) Linus Pauling v Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin vil Meselson and Stahl 5. How did the research work of Rosalind Franklin helped Watson and Crick to propose their model of ONA structure? What technique did she used? 6, what is Chargaff's rule? what will be the percentage of Guanine if Adenine is 14% in the total genome of a newly discovered organism? 7, what will be the percentage of Guanine if Adenine is 28% in the total 8. Name the molecules, which constitute a nudleotide monomer? 9. What s the difference between a deoxy ribose sugar and a ribose sugar? Draw their structures 1d. What is the role of a phosphate molecule in DNA? How does this property of DNA help in agarose gel electrophoresis? 11. What is a phosphodiester bond and in invoves which carbon atoms? 12. Which radioactive atom was used to prove that ONA replicates in semi conservative fashion 13. Which radioactive atoms were used to prove that DNA is the molecule responsible mediating the pathogenicity of bacteriophages 14. Define Major and Minor Grooves. 5. How many number of bases constitute one turn in B, A and Z DNA? 16. What is the distance between two consecutive bases in the DNA? 17. How many bases are present in the one turn of the ONA helix? 18. How many minimum amount of turn could be expected in a DNA molecule if the length is 180 base pairs? 19. What is the diameter of the B DNA? 20. Draw chemical structures of nucleotides A and T as well as G and C showing the double (AT and the triple [G: C) hydrogen bonds.Explanation / Answer
1. (i) microscope => Zacharias Janssen.
(ii) cell => Robert Hooke.
(iii) nucleus => Robert Brown.
(iv) chromosomes => Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli.
2. Mendel discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance. Through his experiments on garden pea, he was able to discovered genes, alleles and recognise mathematical pattern of inheritance from one generation to the next generation. The law of dominance, segregation and independent assortment led to the change of scientific view towards the understanding of heredity.
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