The figure above shows part of a system consisting of a block at the top of an i

Question

The figure above shows part of a system consisting of a block at the top of an inclined plane that rests on a table, which is located on Earth. The block and plane are at rest when the block is released. In trial 1 there is no friction between the block and the plane or between the plane and the table. In trial 2 the plane is fixed to the table so it cannot move, but there is still no friction between the block and the plane. Indicate whether the speed of the block relative to the table when the block reaches the bottom of the plane is greater in trial 1 or trial 2. Justify your answer in a clear, coherent, paragraph-length explanation.

Explanation / Answer

In the first trial ,

as the potential energy of block is given as

initial potential energy of block = kinetic energy of block + kinetic energy of incline

while in the second trial

as the incline is fixed

initial potential energy of block = kinetic energy of block

hence , the kinetic energy of block will be greater in trial 1

and the speed of the block is greater in trial 1

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