acetie acid Question s-Metabolic pathways (8 points) NAD NADH NAD NADH Consider

Question

acetie acid Question s-Metabolic pathways (8 points) NAD NADH NAD NADH Consider the diagram (night) illustrating part of a metabolic pathway beginning HC-C-H ADH with ethanol (the kind of alcohol in beer wine, and liquor) NADH Ethanol and NAD are metabolized to MEOS acetaidehyde and NADH by an enzyme caled Alcohol DeHydrogenase (ADH) This reaction is reversibie, and whether it goes forward or reverse depends on he concentration of substrates and Acetaldehyde Aidehyde moiecules (NADH e and another NAD are then metabolized to create acetic acid and another NADH by a second enzyme called genase (AldDH). This reaction is not reversible. Eventually acetic acid is metabolized into high-energy and ATP) via the citric acid cycle (the NADH is eventualy converted into ATP via the electron transport DeHydro chain) Ethanol is also converted into acetaidehyde by a group of proteins callied the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS) without using NAD or producing NADH. Metabolizing ethanol via the MEOS therefore produces less energy than the ADH+AldDH pathway, and under normal conditions very little ethanol is metabolized through the MEOS pathway High blood ethanol concentrations (ca 10 mM) causes intoxication, while moderate blood acetaldehyde concentrations (ca 50 ) causes nausea However when most people consume a moderate amount of ethanol, the ethanol is rapid y metabolized by ADH to acetaldehyde. The acetaldehyde is then very rapidly metabolized by AldDH to acetic acid, resulting in very little accumulation of either ethanol (

Explanation / Answer

Part 1- all options apply.

Inhibition of forward reaction leads to its metabolism by MEOS and also pathway in reverse direction from Acetaldehyde to ethanol. As metabolism is mainly carried out by alcohol dehydrogenase, its concentration increases and hence intoxication. high energy molecules produced by forward reaction, therefore their concentration decrease.

Part 2- Ethanol will be converted to Acetaldehyde but not to acetic acid as the enzyme is inhibited by cephalosporin. Increased concentration of Acetaldehyde causes nausea, vomiting , incoordination, memory impairment.Note beer contains less amount of alcohol, therefore its side effects will be of lesser degree.

Part 3- Ethanol intoxication will occur. The effect depends upon amount of alcohol intake ranging from decrease in inhibition, increased concentration, inappropriate behavoiur to central nervous system suppression- stupor, coma.

Part 4- Mutation lead to slow metabolism and degradation of Acetaldehyde to acetic acid, hence concentration of Acetaldehyde Increases and hence it's side effects

PLEASE POST EACH QUESTION SEPARATELY

KINDLY GIVE RATING

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse A
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.