The input voltage into a 500 coil transformer is 50 volts. The output voltage of

Question

The input voltage into a 500 coil transformer is 50 volts. The output voltage of a 1000 coil is 100 volts, what is the relationship between the input and output currents? The electric motor in a toy train requires a voltage of 9.0 V. Find the ratio of turns on the primary coil to the turns on the secondary coil in a transformer that will step the 120-V household voltage down to 9.0 V. A transformer with turns ratio (primary/secondary) of 18:1 is used to step down the voltage from a 120 V wall socket to be used in a battery charger. What is voltage supplied to the recharger?

Explanation / Answer

3.
For a transformer the turns ratio is defined in terms of the primary and the secondary voltages as

Vp / Vs = Np / Ns

And the the turns ratio in terms of the primary and the secondary currents as

Ip / Is = Ns / Np

Ns = 1000 , Np = 500

Then

Ip / Is = 1000/500 = 2

The relationship between the input and the output currents is

Ip = 2*Is

Or the input current is twice that of the output current

4.
N2 / N1 = V2 / V1

9.0 / 120 = 18 / 240

So, primary coil turns : secondary coil turns = 240 : 18

5.

Number of turns in the transformer is directy proportional to the voltage induced in the coil

Vp/Vs = Np/Ns

Voltage supplied to the charger Vs = ( 1/18 ) * 120

= 6.667 Volts

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