Psychology is best defined as the study of mental illness and abnormal behavior.

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Psychology is best defined as the study of mental illness and abnormal behavior.

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Question 2 (3 points)

A hypothesis is a testable prediction about processes that can be observed and measured.

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Question 3 (3 points)

Theories are basically the same thing as opinions or beliefs.

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Question 4 (3 points)

Sigmund Freud’s work using hypnosis to cure patients made him to realize that many of his patients’ symptoms had mental, not physical, causes and this led to the development of psychoanalysis.

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Question 5 (3 points)

The cognitive perspective is an approach that emphasizes mental processes in thinking, memory, language, and other areas of behavior.

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Question 6 (3 points)

Most of the helping professions in psychology require graduate degrees and state licensure or certification.

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Question 7 (3 points)

Good scientific research is based on measurements that are objective, valid, and reliable.

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Question 8 (3 points)

Serotonin affects neurons involved in sleep, appetite, and mood.

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Question 9 (3 points)

The brain stem's two main structures are the medulla and the pons.

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Question 10 (3 points)

Insomnia is a disorder categorized by the temporary inability to breathe during sleep and results in the person gasping for air.

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Question 11 (3 points)

An unconditioned stimulus is an event or a thing that elicits a response automatically or reflexively.

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Question 12 (3 points)

A key difference between operant and classical conditioning is that in classical conditioning a response is not required for a reward (or unconditioned stimulus) to be presented.

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Question 13 (3 points)

The process of observational learning would explain how 3-year-old Ryan knows how to lather up his own face after watching his dad shave earlier that day.

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Question 14 (3 points)

Declarative memories are the type of long-term memories that you are aware of.

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Question 15 (3 points)

A concept is the mental representation of an object, event, or idea.

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Question 16 (3 points)

An algorithm is a problem-solving strategy based on a series of rules.

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Question 17 (3 points)

All forms of communication can be considered types of language.

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Question 18 (3 points)

The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) is the most commonly used intelligence test used on adolescents and adults.

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Question 19 (3 points)

There is little scientific support for the idea that individuals have distinct learning styles.

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Question 20 (3 points)

Maternal use of cigarettes during pregnancy causes damage to the placenta but not to the baby itself.

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Question 21 (3 points)

Adolescents are more likely to engage in risky behavior when they are in the presence of other adolescents.

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Question 22 (3 points)

Older adults who exercise their brains with challenging activities have a better chance of preserving their cognitive ability than those who do not.

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Question 23 (3 points)

Sexual orientation is defined primarily by whether or not an individual engages in same sex behavior.

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Question 24 (3 points)

Maslow hypothesized movement through a hierarchy of needs, beginning with survival needs for sleep, food, and water and reaching needs for self-actualization.

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Question 25 (3 points)

Loneliness is a risk factor for illnesses such as heart disease and cancer.

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Question 26 (3 points)

The main purpose of the MMPI is to discriminate between “normal” and “abnormal” characteristics.

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Question 27 (3 points)

Freud believed that the influence of the superego is present at birth, whereas the id must develop with experience.

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Question 28 (3 points)

The founders of humanistic psychology had a much more optimistic view of human personality than Freud and many of his followers did.

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Question 29 (3 points)

Insanity is a legal term that is used neither by psychologists nor by psychiatrists in research or diagnosis.

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Question 30 (3 points)

Psychologists all agree that dissociative identity disorder is not a true disorder.

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Question 31 (3 points)

Suicide rates are higher among the elderly than they are for adolescents.

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Question 32 (3 points)

Any unusual behavior should be considered maladaptive.

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Question 33 (3 points)

The fifth edition of the DSM is expected to take a more dimensional view of many disorders than the DSM-IV.

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Question 34 (3 points)

In client-centered therapy, the therapist provides empathy and unconditional positive regard to the client.

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Question 35 (3 points)

A key part of cognitive-behavioral therapy is identifying and changing irrational, unproductive ways of thinking.

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Question 36 (3 points)

MAOIs are among the most commonly prescribed type of antidepressants.

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Question 37 (3 points)

In variations of Stanley Milgram’s study on obedience, “teachers” were more likely to disobey and refuse to continue when the experimenter wore street clothes instead of a lab coat.

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Question 38 (3 points)

The leading cause of preventable death in the United States today is obesity.

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Question 39 (3 points)

Some stress is actually beneficial for performance.

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Question 40 (3 points)

The hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine are released from the adrenal glands in response to stress and are associated with the fight-or-flight response.

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True False

Explanation / Answer

Psychology is best defined as the study of mental illness and abnormal behavior. False
A hypothesis is a testable prediction about processes that can be observed and measured. True
Theories are basically the same thing as opinions or beliefs. False
Sigmund Freud’s work using hypnosis to cure patients made him to realize that many of his patients’ symptoms had mental, not physical, causes and this led to the development of psychoanalysis. True

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